فضل

See also: فصل and ف ض ل

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ف ض ل (f ḍ l)
12 terms

Verb

فَضَلَ • (faḍala) I (non-past يَفْضُلُ (yafḍulu), verbal noun فَضْل (faḍl))

1. (intransitive) to remain, to be left over

   Synonym: بَقِيَ (baqiya)

2. (transitive, of someone) to exceed or outdo (especially in virtue, merit, or worth); to outworth

   Synonym: أَفْضَلَ (ʔafḍala)

Conjugation

Conjugation of فَضَلَ (I, sound, a ~ u, impersonal passive (?), verbal noun فَضْل)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						فَضْل faḍl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						فَاضِل fāḍil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَفْضُول mafḍūl
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فَضَلْتُ faḍaltu	فَضَلْتَ faḍalta	فَضَلَ faḍala		فَضَلْتُمَا faḍaltumā	فَضَلَا faḍalā		فَضَلْنَا faḍalnā	فَضَلْتُمْ faḍaltum	فَضَلُوا faḍalū
	f		فَضَلْتِ faḍalti	فَضَلَتْ faḍalat			فَضَلَتَا faḍalatā			فَضَلْتُنَّ faḍaltunna	فَضَلْنَ faḍalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَفْضُلُ ʔafḍulu	تَفْضُلُ tafḍulu	يَفْضُلُ yafḍulu		تَفْضُلَانِ tafḍulāni	يَفْضُلَانِ yafḍulāni		نَفْضُلُ nafḍulu	تَفْضُلُونَ tafḍulūna	يَفْضُلُونَ yafḍulūna
	f		تَفْضُلِينَ tafḍulīna	تَفْضُلُ tafḍulu			تَفْضُلَانِ tafḍulāni			تَفْضُلْنَ tafḍulna	يَفْضُلْنَ yafḍulna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَفْضُلَ ʔafḍula	تَفْضُلَ tafḍula	يَفْضُلَ yafḍula		تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā	يَفْضُلَا yafḍulā		نَفْضُلَ nafḍula	تَفْضُلُوا tafḍulū	يَفْضُلُوا yafḍulū
	f		تَفْضُلِي tafḍulī	تَفْضُلَ tafḍula			تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā			تَفْضُلْنَ tafḍulna	يَفْضُلْنَ yafḍulna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَفْضُلْ ʔafḍul	تَفْضُلْ tafḍul	يَفْضُلْ yafḍul		تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā	يَفْضُلَا yafḍulā		نَفْضُلْ nafḍul	تَفْضُلُوا tafḍulū	يَفْضُلُوا yafḍulū
	f		تَفْضُلِي tafḍulī	تَفْضُلْ tafḍul			تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā			تَفْضُلْنَ tafḍulna	يَفْضُلْنَ yafḍulna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُفْضُلْ ufḍul			اُفْضُلَا ufḍulā				اُفْضُلُوا ufḍulū
	f		اُفْضُلِي ufḍulī							اُفْضُلْنَ ufḍulna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	فُضِلَ fuḍila		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُفْضَلُ yufḍalu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُفْضَلَ yufḍala		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُفْضَلْ yufḍal		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 1.2

Verb

فَضُلَ • (faḍula) I (non-past يَفْضُلُ (yafḍulu), verbal noun فُضُول (fuḍūl))

1. to become meritorious; to become illustrious

   Synonym: شَرُفَ (šarufa)

Conjugation

Conjugation of فَضُلَ (I, sound, u ~ u, no passive (?), verbal noun فُضُول)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						فُضُول fuḍūl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						فَاضِل fāḍil
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فَضُلْتُ faḍultu	فَضُلْتَ faḍulta	فَضُلَ faḍula		فَضُلْتُمَا faḍultumā	فَضُلَا faḍulā		فَضُلْنَا faḍulnā	فَضُلْتُمْ faḍultum	فَضُلُوا faḍulū
	f		فَضُلْتِ faḍulti	فَضُلَتْ faḍulat			فَضُلَتَا faḍulatā			فَضُلْتُنَّ faḍultunna	فَضُلْنَ faḍulna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَفْضُلُ ʔafḍulu	تَفْضُلُ tafḍulu	يَفْضُلُ yafḍulu		تَفْضُلَانِ tafḍulāni	يَفْضُلَانِ yafḍulāni		نَفْضُلُ nafḍulu	تَفْضُلُونَ tafḍulūna	يَفْضُلُونَ yafḍulūna
	f		تَفْضُلِينَ tafḍulīna	تَفْضُلُ tafḍulu			تَفْضُلَانِ tafḍulāni			تَفْضُلْنَ tafḍulna	يَفْضُلْنَ yafḍulna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَفْضُلَ ʔafḍula	تَفْضُلَ tafḍula	يَفْضُلَ yafḍula		تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā	يَفْضُلَا yafḍulā		نَفْضُلَ nafḍula	تَفْضُلُوا tafḍulū	يَفْضُلُوا yafḍulū
	f		تَفْضُلِي tafḍulī	تَفْضُلَ tafḍula			تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā			تَفْضُلْنَ tafḍulna	يَفْضُلْنَ yafḍulna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَفْضُلْ ʔafḍul	تَفْضُلْ tafḍul	يَفْضُلْ yafḍul		تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā	يَفْضُلَا yafḍulā		نَفْضُلْ nafḍul	تَفْضُلُوا tafḍulū	يَفْضُلُوا yafḍulū
	f		تَفْضُلِي tafḍulī	تَفْضُلْ tafḍul			تَفْضُلَا tafḍulā			تَفْضُلْنَ tafḍulna	يَفْضُلْنَ yafḍulna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُفْضُلْ ufḍul			اُفْضُلَا ufḍulā				اُفْضُلُوا ufḍulū
	f		اُفْضُلِي ufḍulī							اُفْضُلْنَ ufḍulna

Etymology 1.3

Verb

فَضَّلَ • (faḍḍala) II (non-past يُفَضِّلُ (yufaḍḍilu), verbal noun تَفْضِيل (tafḍīl))

1. (transitive) to deem more favorable, to prefer, to favor [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘over’]

   Synonym: آثَرَ (ʔāṯara)

2. (transitive, of a superior or a superordinate) to make dominant, to privilege [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘over’]
   1. (transitive) to make distinct or prominent, to distinguish, to honor, to grace

      Synonyms: مَازَ (māza), مَيَّزَ (mayyaza), شَرَّفَ (šarrafa), مَزَّى (mazzā)

Conjugation

Conjugation of فَضَّلَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَفْضِيل)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَفْضِيل tafḍīl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُفَضِّل mufaḍḍil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُفَضَّل mufaḍḍal
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فَضَّلْتُ faḍḍaltu	فَضَّلْتَ faḍḍalta	فَضَّلَ faḍḍala		فَضَّلْتُمَا faḍḍaltumā	فَضَّلَا faḍḍalā		فَضَّلْنَا faḍḍalnā	فَضَّلْتُمْ faḍḍaltum	فَضَّلُوا faḍḍalū
	f		فَضَّلْتِ faḍḍalti	فَضَّلَتْ faḍḍalat			فَضَّلَتَا faḍḍalatā			فَضَّلْتُنَّ faḍḍaltunna	فَضَّلْنَ faḍḍalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُفَضِّلُ ʔufaḍḍilu	تُفَضِّلُ tufaḍḍilu	يُفَضِّلُ yufaḍḍilu		تُفَضِّلَانِ tufaḍḍilāni	يُفَضِّلَانِ yufaḍḍilāni		نُفَضِّلُ nufaḍḍilu	تُفَضِّلُونَ tufaḍḍilūna	يُفَضِّلُونَ yufaḍḍilūna
	f		تُفَضِّلِينَ tufaḍḍilīna	تُفَضِّلُ tufaḍḍilu			تُفَضِّلَانِ tufaḍḍilāni			تُفَضِّلْنَ tufaḍḍilna	يُفَضِّلْنَ yufaḍḍilna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُفَضِّلَ ʔufaḍḍila	تُفَضِّلَ tufaḍḍila	يُفَضِّلَ yufaḍḍila		تُفَضِّلَا tufaḍḍilā	يُفَضِّلَا yufaḍḍilā		نُفَضِّلَ nufaḍḍila	تُفَضِّلُوا tufaḍḍilū	يُفَضِّلُوا yufaḍḍilū
	f		تُفَضِّلِي tufaḍḍilī	تُفَضِّلَ tufaḍḍila			تُفَضِّلَا tufaḍḍilā			تُفَضِّلْنَ tufaḍḍilna	يُفَضِّلْنَ yufaḍḍilna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُفَضِّلْ ʔufaḍḍil	تُفَضِّلْ tufaḍḍil	يُفَضِّلْ yufaḍḍil		تُفَضِّلَا tufaḍḍilā	يُفَضِّلَا yufaḍḍilā		نُفَضِّلْ nufaḍḍil	تُفَضِّلُوا tufaḍḍilū	يُفَضِّلُوا yufaḍḍilū
	f		تُفَضِّلِي tufaḍḍilī	تُفَضِّلْ tufaḍḍil			تُفَضِّلَا tufaḍḍilā			تُفَضِّلْنَ tufaḍḍilna	يُفَضِّلْنَ yufaḍḍilna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		فَضِّلْ faḍḍil			فَضِّلَا faḍḍilā				فَضِّلُوا faḍḍilū
	f		فَضِّلِي faḍḍilī							فَضِّلْنَ faḍḍilna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فُضِّلْتُ fuḍḍiltu	فُضِّلْتَ fuḍḍilta	فُضِّلَ fuḍḍila		فُضِّلْتُمَا fuḍḍiltumā	فُضِّلَا fuḍḍilā		فُضِّلْنَا fuḍḍilnā	فُضِّلْتُمْ fuḍḍiltum	فُضِّلُوا fuḍḍilū
	f		فُضِّلْتِ fuḍḍilti	فُضِّلَتْ fuḍḍilat			فُضِّلَتَا fuḍḍilatā			فُضِّلْتُنَّ fuḍḍiltunna	فُضِّلْنَ fuḍḍilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُفَضَّلُ ʔufaḍḍalu	تُفَضَّلُ tufaḍḍalu	يُفَضَّلُ yufaḍḍalu		تُفَضَّلَانِ tufaḍḍalāni	يُفَضَّلَانِ yufaḍḍalāni		نُفَضَّلُ nufaḍḍalu	تُفَضَّلُونَ tufaḍḍalūna	يُفَضَّلُونَ yufaḍḍalūna
	f		تُفَضَّلِينَ tufaḍḍalīna	تُفَضَّلُ tufaḍḍalu			تُفَضَّلَانِ tufaḍḍalāni			تُفَضَّلْنَ tufaḍḍalna	يُفَضَّلْنَ yufaḍḍalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُفَضَّلَ ʔufaḍḍala	تُفَضَّلَ tufaḍḍala	يُفَضَّلَ yufaḍḍala		تُفَضَّلَا tufaḍḍalā	يُفَضَّلَا yufaḍḍalā		نُفَضَّلَ nufaḍḍala	تُفَضَّلُوا tufaḍḍalū	يُفَضَّلُوا yufaḍḍalū
	f		تُفَضَّلِي tufaḍḍalī	تُفَضَّلَ tufaḍḍala			تُفَضَّلَا tufaḍḍalā			تُفَضَّلْنَ tufaḍḍalna	يُفَضَّلْنَ yufaḍḍalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُفَضَّلْ ʔufaḍḍal	تُفَضَّلْ tufaḍḍal	يُفَضَّلْ yufaḍḍal		تُفَضَّلَا tufaḍḍalā	يُفَضَّلَا yufaḍḍalā		نُفَضَّلْ nufaḍḍal	تُفَضَّلُوا tufaḍḍalū	يُفَضَّلُوا yufaḍḍalū
	f		تُفَضَّلِي tufaḍḍalī	تُفَضَّلْ tufaḍḍal			تُفَضَّلَا tufaḍḍalā			تُفَضَّلْنَ tufaḍḍalna	يُفَضَّلْنَ yufaḍḍalna

Etymology 1.4

Noun

فَضْل • (faḍl) m (plural فُضُول (fuḍūl) or أَفْضَال (ʔafḍāl))

1. (uncountable) grace, favor (especially when seen as unmerited or unconditional); courtesy

   Synonym: إِحْسَان (ʔiḥsān)

   1. (countable) a blessing, an honor, a generous gift, a bestowment
2. (uncountable) distinction

   Antonym: نَقْص (naqṣ)

   1. (uncountable, theology) merit
3. (uncountable) leftovers, remnants

Declension

Declension of noun فَضْل (faḍl)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	فَضْل faḍl	الْفَضْل al-faḍl	فَضْل faḍl
nominative	فَضْلٌ faḍlun	الْفَضْلُ al-faḍlu	فَضْلُ faḍlu
accusative	فَضْلًا faḍlan	الْفَضْلَ al-faḍla	فَضْلَ faḍla
genitive	فَضْلٍ faḍlin	الْفَضْلِ al-faḍli	فَضْلِ faḍli
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	فَضْلَيْن faḍlayn	الْفَضْلَيْن al-faḍlayn	فَضْلَيْ faḍlay
nominative	فَضْلَانِ faḍlāni	الْفَضْلَانِ al-faḍlāni	فَضْلَا faḍlā
accusative	فَضْلَيْنِ faḍlayni	الْفَضْلَيْنِ al-faḍlayni	فَضْلَيْ faḍlay
genitive	فَضْلَيْنِ faḍlayni	الْفَضْلَيْنِ al-faḍlayni	فَضْلَيْ faḍlay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	فُضُول fuḍūl	الْفُضُول al-fuḍūl	فُضُول fuḍūl
nominative	فُضُولٌ fuḍūlun	الْفُضُولُ al-fuḍūlu	فُضُولُ fuḍūlu
accusative	فُضُولًا fuḍūlan	الْفُضُولَ al-fuḍūla	فُضُولَ fuḍūla
genitive	فُضُولٍ fuḍūlin	الْفُضُولِ al-fuḍūli	فُضُولِ fuḍūli

Derived terms

• فَضْلًا عَنْ (faḍlan ʕan)
• مِنْ فَضْلِكَ (min faḍlika)

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ف ض ل
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic فَضَلَ (faḍala).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fidˤil/, [fɪdˤɪl]

Verb

فضل • (fiḍil) I (non-past يِفْضَل (yifḍal))

1. to stay, to remain

   Synonyms: بِقِي (bigi), قَعَد (gaʕad)

2. to continue

Conjugation

Conjugation of فضل

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	فضلت (fiḍilt)	فضلت (fiḍilt)	فضل (fiḍil)		فضلنا (fiḍilna)	فضلتوا (fiḍiltu)	فضلوا (fiḍlu)
	f		فضلتي (fiḍilti)	فضلت (fiḍlat)
non-past	m	أفضل (ʔafḍal)	تفضل (tifḍal)	يفضل (yifḍal)		نفضل (nifḍal)	تفضلوا (tifḍalu)	يفضلوا (yifḍalu)
	f		تفضلي (tifḍali)	تفضل (tifḍal)
imperative	m		افضل (afḍal)				افضلوا (afḍalu)
	f		افضلي (afḍali)

Etymology 2

From Arabic فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fadˤ.dˤal/

Verb

فضل • (faḍḍal) II (non-past يِفَضِّل (yifaḍḍil))

1. to prefer, to favor

Conjugation

Conjugation of فضل

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	فضلت (faḍḍalt)	فضلت (faḍḍalt)	فضل (faḍḍal)		فضلنا (faḍḍalna)	فضلتوا (faḍḍaltu)	فضلوا (faḍḍalu)
	f		فضلتي (faḍḍalti)	فضلت (faḍḍalat)
non-past	m	أفضل (ʔafaḍḍil)	تفضل (tifaḍḍil)	يفضل (yifaḍḍil)		نفضل (nifaḍḍil)	تفضلوا (tifaḍḍilu)	يفضلوا (yifaḍḍilu)
	f		تفضلي (tifaḍḍili)	تفضل (tifaḍḍil)
imperative	m		فضل (faḍḍil)				فضلوا (faḍḍilu)
	f		فضلي (faḍḍili)

Etymology 3

From Arabic فَضْل (faḍl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fadˤil/, [fadˤɪl]

Noun

فضل • (faḍil) m (construct state فَضْل (faḍl), plural أفضال (ʔafḍāl))

1. grace

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ف ض ل
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fadˤ.dˤal/

Verb

فضّل • (faḍḍal) II (non-past يفضّل (yfaḍḍal))

1. to favor

Conjugation

Conjugation of فضل

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	فضّلت (faḍḍalt)	فضّلتي (faḍḍalti)	فضّل (faḍḍal)		فضّلنا (faḍḍalna)	فضّلتوا (faḍḍaltu)	فضّلوا (faḍḍlu)
	f			فضّلت (faḍḍlāt)
non-past	m	نفضّل (nfaḍḍal)	تفضّل (tfaḍḍal)	يفضّل (yfaḍḍal)		نفضّلوا (nfaḍḍlu)	تفضّلوا (tfaḍḍlu)	يفضّلوا (yfaḍḍlu)
	f		تفضّلي (tfaḍḍli)	تفضّل (tfaḍḍal)
imperative	m		فضّل (faḍḍal)				فضّلوا (faḍḍlu)
	f		فضّلي (faḍḍli)

Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic فَضْل (faḍl)bor.

Persian فَضْل

Borrowed from Arabic فَضْل (faḍl).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [fazl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fäzl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fäzl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [fäzl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [fäzl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [fæzl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [fäzl]

Readings
Classical reading?	fazl
Dari reading?	fazl
Iranian reading?	fazl
Tajik reading?	fazl

Noun

فضل • (fazl)

1. learning, knowledge

   Synonyms: دانش (dâneš), علم (elm), دانایی (dânâyi), فضیلت (fazliyat)

   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 329”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1]:

     شاها اگر به عرش رسانم سریر فضل
     مملوک این جنابم و مسکین این درم

     šāhā agar ba arš rasānam sarīr-i fazl
     mamlūk-i īn jinābam u miskīn-i īn daram

     O king! Even if I raise the throne of knowledge to the Empyrean,
     I am the slave at this side, I am the wretch at this gate.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. excellence, virtue, merit

   Synonym: فضیلت (fazliyat)

3. favor, grace, gift

   Synonym: لطف (lotf)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “فضل”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ف ض ل
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fadˤ.dˤal/, [ˈfʌdˤ.dˤʌl]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

فضّل • (faḍḍal) II (present بفضّل (bifaḍḍel))

1. to prefer

Conjugation

Conjugation of فضل

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	فضّلت (faḍḍalt)	فضّلت (faḍḍalt)	فضّل (faḍḍal)		فضّلنا (faḍḍalna)	فضّلتو (faḍḍaltu)	فضّلو (faḍḍalu)
	f		فضّلتي (faḍḍalti)	فضّلت (faḍḍalat)
present	m	بفضّل (bafaḍḍil)	بتفضّل (bitfaḍḍil)	بفضّل (bifaḍḍil)		منفضّل (minfaḍḍil)	بتفضّلو (bitfaḍḍlu)	بفضّلو (bifaḍḍlu)
	f		بتفضّلي (bitfaḍḍli)	بتفضّل (bitfaḍḍil)
subjunctive	m	افضّل (afaḍḍil)	تفضّل (tfaḍḍil)	يفضّل (yfaḍḍil)		نفضّل (nfaḍḍil)	تفضّلو (tfaḍḍlu)	يفضّلو (yfaḍḍlu)
	f		تفضّلي (tfaḍḍli)	تفضّل (tfaḍḍil)
imperative	m		فضّل (faḍḍil)				فضّلو (faḍḍlu)
	f		فضّلي (faḍḍli)

Urdu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic فَضْل (faḍl)bor.

Classical Persian فَضْل (fazl)bor.

Urdu فَضْل (fazl)

Borrowed from Classical Persian فَضْل (fazl), borrowed from Arabic فَضْل (faḍl). First attested in c. 1582 as Middle Hindi فضل (fẓl /⁠fazl⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /fəzl/
• (common) IPA^(key): [fə.zəl]
• Rhymes: -əzl, -əl

Noun

فَضْل • (fazl) m (formal plural اَفْضَال (afzāl), Hindi spelling फ़ज़ल)

1. grace (ie. bounty; favour)
2. excellence, virtue
3. (archaic) beneficence
4. (obsolete) learning, knowledge

Declension

Declension of فضل

	singular	plural
direct	فَضْل (fazl)	فَضْل (fazl)
oblique	فَضْل (fazl)	فَضْلوں (fazlõ)
vocative	فَضْل (fazl)	فَضْلو (fazlo)

Further reading

• “فضل”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “فضل”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• S. W. Fallon (1879) “فضل”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
• John Shakespear (1834) “فضل”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC