قند

Arabic

Etymology

From Persian کند‎ (kand, “candied sugar”), from Sanskrit खण्ड (khaṇḍa, “scrap, broken piece, candied sugar, dried molasses”).

Noun

قَنْد • (qand) m (plural قُنُود‎ (qunūd))

1. rock sugar (originally: the solidified sap of the sugarcane)

Declension

Declension of noun قَنْد (qand)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَنْد qand	الْقَنْد‎ al-qand	قَنْد qand
Nominative	قَنْدٌ qandun	الْقَنْدُ‎ al-qandu	قَنْدُ qandu
Accusative	قَنْدًا‎ qandan	الْقَنْدَ‎ al-qanda	قَنْدَ qanda
Genitive	قَنْدٍ qandin	الْقَنْدِ‎ al-qandi	قَنْدِ qandi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَنْدَيْن‎ qandayn	الْقَنْدَيْن‎ al-qandayn	قَنْدَيْ‎ qanday
Nominative	قَنْدَانِ‎ qandāni	الْقَنْدَانِ‎ al-qandāni	قَنْدَا‎ qandā
Accusative	قَنْدَيْنِ‎ qandayni	الْقَنْدَيْنِ‎ al-qandayni	قَنْدَيْ‎ qanday
Genitive	قَنْدَيْنِ‎ qandayni	الْقَنْدَيْنِ‎ al-qandayni	قَنْدَيْ‎ qanday
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قُنُود‎ qunūd	الْقُنُود‎ al-qunūd	قُنُود‎ qunūd
Nominative	قُنُودٌ‎ qunūdun	الْقُنُودُ‎ al-qunūdu	قُنُودُ‎ qunūdu
Accusative	قُنُودًا‎ qunūdan	الْقُنُودَ‎ al-qunūda	قُنُودَ‎ qunūda
Genitive	قُنُودٍ‎ qunūdin	الْقُنُودِ‎ al-qunūdi	قُنُودِ‎ qunūdi

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: قند‎ (kand)
• → Persian: قند‎ (qand)
  • → Gulf Arabic: قند‎ (qand)
• ⇒ Old French: sucre candi
  • → Middle English: candy
    • English: candy, candee, candie, candil, kandy
      • → Cebuano: kendi
      • → Hindi: कैंडी (kaiṇḍī)
      • → Hopi: kyenti
      • → Japanese: キャンディ (kyandi)
      • → Tagalog: kendi

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Gulf Arabic

چاي وقند (tea and sugar cube(s))

Etymology

From Persian قند‎ (qand), from Classical Arabic قَنْد‎ (qand).

Pronunciation

• (Kuwaiti Gulf Arabic) IPA^(key): /qənd/, (q-ʁ merger) /ʁənd/

Noun

قَنْد • (qand) m (collective, singulative قَنْدة‎ (qanda), plural قَنْدات‎ (qandāt))

1. sugar cube

Usage notes

The word can be used with حَبّة‎ (ḥabba, “piece”) to indicate number of pieces, for example: حطلي حبتين قند بالچاي‎ (ḥiṭli ḥabbitēn qand bič-čāy, “Put two pieces of sugar cube in the tea for me”). Alternatively, regular plural (and dual) can be used, eg: حطلي قندتين بالچاي‎ (ḥiṭli qanditēn bič-čāy, “Put two sugar cubes in the tea for me”). Finally, the word can be used as is preceded by a number, ex: حطلي اثنين قند بالچاي‎ (ḥiṭli aṯnēn qand bič-čāy, “Put two sugar cube in the tea for me”).

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic قَنْد‎ (qand, “rock sugar”), from Persian کند‎ (kand, “candied sugar”), from Sanskrit खण्ड (khaṇḍa, “scrap, broken piece, candied sugar, dried molasses”).

Noun

قند • (kand)

1. rock sugar, sugar candy, crystals of sucrose

Derived terms

• قندی‎ (kandi, “made of sugar candy”)

Further reading

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “قند”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 973
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “قند”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 3767–3768
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “قند”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1477

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Persian

Etymology

From Arabic قَنْد‎ (qand), displacing older کند‎ (kand) or کاند‎ (kānd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /qand/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /qand/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ɢænd/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /qand/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

قند • (qand) (plural قندها‎ (qand-hâ))

1. sugar cube

Derived terms

• قندی‎ (qandi)
• قندان‎ (qandân)
• کله‌قند‎ (kalle-qand)
• چغندر قند‎ (čoğondar-e-qand)

Descendants

• → Gulf Arabic: قند‎ (qand)