قوم

See also: قوْم and ق و م

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ق و م (q-w-m); compare قَامَ (qāma, “to rise”).

Verb

قَوَّمَ • (qawwama) II, non-past يُقَوِّمُ‎ (yuqawwimu)

1. (transitive) to raise
2. (transitive) to evaluate
3. (transitive) to adjust

Conjugation

Conjugation of

قَوَّمَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَقْوِيم taqwīm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُقَوِّم muqawwim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُقَوَّم muqawwam
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَوَّمْتُ qawwamtu	قَوَّمْتَ qawwamta	قَوَّمَ qawwama		قَوَّمْتُمَا qawwamtumā	قَوَّمَا qawwamā		قَوَّمْنَا qawwamnā	قَوَّمْتُمْ qawwamtum	قَوَّمُوا qawwamū
	f		قَوَّمْتِ qawwamti	قَوَّمَتْ qawwamat			قَوَّمَتَا qawwamatā			قَوَّمْتُنَّ qawwamtunna	قَوَّمْنَ qawwamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَوِّمُ ʔuqawwimu	تُقَوِّمُ tuqawwimu	يُقَوِّمُ yuqawwimu		تُقَوِّمَانِ tuqawwimāni	يُقَوِّمَانِ yuqawwimāni		نُقَوِّمُ nuqawwimu	تُقَوِّمُونَ tuqawwimūna	يُقَوِّمُونَ yuqawwimūna
	f		تُقَوِّمِينَ tuqawwimīna	تُقَوِّمُ tuqawwimu			تُقَوِّمَانِ tuqawwimāni			تُقَوِّمْنَ tuqawwimna	يُقَوِّمْنَ yuqawwimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَوِّمَ ʔuqawwima	تُقَوِّمَ tuqawwima	يُقَوِّمَ yuqawwima		تُقَوِّمَا tuqawwimā	يُقَوِّمَا yuqawwimā		نُقَوِّمَ nuqawwima	تُقَوِّمُوا tuqawwimū	يُقَوِّمُوا yuqawwimū
	f		تُقَوِّمِي tuqawwimī	تُقَوِّمَ tuqawwima			تُقَوِّمَا tuqawwimā			تُقَوِّمْنَ tuqawwimna	يُقَوِّمْنَ yuqawwimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَوِّمْ ʔuqawwim	تُقَوِّمْ tuqawwim	يُقَوِّمْ yuqawwim		تُقَوِّمَا tuqawwimā	يُقَوِّمَا yuqawwimā		نُقَوِّمْ nuqawwim	تُقَوِّمُوا tuqawwimū	يُقَوِّمُوا yuqawwimū
	f		تُقَوِّمِي tuqawwimī	تُقَوِّمْ tuqawwim			تُقَوِّمَا tuqawwimā			تُقَوِّمْنَ tuqawwimna	يُقَوِّمْنَ yuqawwimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		قَوِّمْ qawwim			قَوِّمَا qawwimā				قَوِّمُوا qawwimū
	f		قَوِّمِي qawwimī							قَوِّمْنَ qawwimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُوِّمْتُ quwwimtu	قُوِّمْتَ quwwimta	قُوِّمَ quwwima		قُوِّمْتُمَا quwwimtumā	قُوِّمَا quwwimā		قُوِّمْنَا quwwimnā	قُوِّمْتُمْ quwwimtum	قُوِّمُوا quwwimū
	f		قُوِّمْتِ quwwimti	قُوِّمَتْ quwwimat			قُوِّمَتَا quwwimatā			قُوِّمْتُنَّ quwwimtunna	قُوِّمْنَ quwwimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَوَّمُ ʔuqawwamu	تُقَوَّمُ tuqawwamu	يُقَوَّمُ yuqawwamu		تُقَوَّمَانِ tuqawwamāni	يُقَوَّمَانِ yuqawwamāni		نُقَوَّمُ nuqawwamu	تُقَوَّمُونَ tuqawwamūna	يُقَوَّمُونَ yuqawwamūna
	f		تُقَوَّمِينَ tuqawwamīna	تُقَوَّمُ tuqawwamu			تُقَوَّمَانِ tuqawwamāni			تُقَوَّمْنَ tuqawwamna	يُقَوَّمْنَ yuqawwamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَوَّمَ ʔuqawwama	تُقَوَّمَ tuqawwama	يُقَوَّمَ yuqawwama		تُقَوَّمَا tuqawwamā	يُقَوَّمَا yuqawwamā		نُقَوَّمَ nuqawwama	تُقَوَّمُوا tuqawwamū	يُقَوَّمُوا yuqawwamū
	f		تُقَوَّمِي tuqawwamī	تُقَوَّمَ tuqawwama			تُقَوَّمَا tuqawwamā			تُقَوَّمْنَ tuqawwamna	يُقَوَّمْنَ yuqawwamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَوَّمْ ʔuqawwam	تُقَوَّمْ tuqawwam	يُقَوَّمْ yuqawwam		تُقَوَّمَا tuqawwamā	يُقَوَّمَا yuqawwamā		نُقَوَّمْ nuqawwam	تُقَوَّمُوا tuqawwamū	يُقَوَّمُوا yuqawwamū
	f		تُقَوَّمِي tuqawwamī	تُقَوَّمْ tuqawwam			تُقَوَّمَا tuqawwamā			تُقَوَّمْنَ tuqawwamna	يُقَوَّمْنَ yuqawwamna

References

• Mace, John (2007) “قوم”, in Arabic Verbs, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qawm/

Noun

قَوْم • (qawm) m

1. verbal noun of قَامَ (qāma, “to get up”) (form I)
2. standing up, rising, placing upright, remaining, abiding

Declension

Declension of noun قَوْم (qawm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَوْم qawm	الْقَوْم al-qawm	قَوْم qawm
Nominative	قَوْمٌ qawmun	الْقَوْمُ al-qawmu	قَوْمُ qawmu
Accusative	قَوْمًا qawman	الْقَوْمَ al-qawma	قَوْمَ qawma
Genitive	قَوْمٍ qawmin	الْقَوْمِ al-qawmi	قَوْمِ qawmi

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قوم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen

Noun

قَوْم • (qawm) m (plural أَقْوَام (ʔaqwām))

1. people, nation, tribe
2. some people, someone, a certain
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 28:21:

     فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا خَائِفًا يَتَرَقَّبُ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ

     faḵaraja minhā ḵāʔifan yataraqqabu qāla rabbi najjinī mina l-qawmi ẓ-ẓālimīna

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (group of) men
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 49:11:

     يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا يَسْخَرْ قَوْمٌ مِّن قَوْمٍ عَسَىٰ أَن يَكُونُوا خَيْرًا مِّنْهُمْ وَلَا نِسَاءٌ مِّن نِّسَاءٍ عَسَىٰ أَن يَكُنَّ خَيْرًا مِّنْهُنَّ

     yā ʔayyuhā allaḏīna ʔāmanū lā yasḵar qawmun mmin qawmin ʕasā ʔan yakūnū ḵayran mminhum walā nisāʔun mmin nnisāʔin ʕasā ʔan yakunna ḵayran mminhunna

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. family
5. sect

Declension

Declension of noun قَوْم (qawm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَوْم qawm	الْقَوْم al-qawm	قَوْم qawm
Nominative	قَوْمٌ qawmun	الْقَوْمُ al-qawmu	قَوْمُ qawmu
Accusative	قَوْمًا qawman	الْقَوْمَ al-qawma	قَوْمَ qawma
Genitive	قَوْمٍ qawmin	الْقَوْمِ al-qawmi	قَوْمِ qawmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَوْمَيْن qawmayn	الْقَوْمَيْن al-qawmayn	قَوْمَيْ qawmay
Nominative	قَوْمَانِ qawmāni	الْقَوْمَانِ al-qawmāni	قَوْمَا qawmā
Accusative	قَوْمَيْنِ qawmayni	الْقَوْمَيْنِ al-qawmayni	قَوْمَيْ qawmay
Genitive	قَوْمَيْنِ qawmayni	الْقَوْمَيْنِ al-qawmayni	قَوْمَيْ qawmay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَقْوَام ʔaqwām	الْأَقْوَام al-ʔaqwām	أَقْوَام ʔaqwām
Nominative	أَقْوَامٌ ʔaqwāmun	الْأَقْوَامُ al-ʔaqwāmu	أَقْوَامُ ʔaqwāmu
Accusative	أَقْوَامًا ʔaqwāman	الْأَقْوَامَ al-ʔaqwāma	أَقْوَامَ ʔaqwāma
Genitive	أَقْوَامٍ ʔaqwāmin	الْأَقْوَامِ al-ʔaqwāmi	أَقْوَامِ ʔaqwāmi

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قوم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen

Adjective

قُوَّم • (quwwam)

1. inflection of قَائِم (qāʔim):
   1. masculine plural
   2. feminine plural

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Azerbaijani

Noun

قوم (qum)

1. Alternative spelling of قۇم

Noun

قوم (qom)

1. Alternative spelling of قوْم

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Persian

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Noun

Dari	قوم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	қавм

قوم • (qoum) (plural اقوام (aqvâm))

1. people, nation, tribe
   • 1048-1131, Omar Khayyám, Rubáiyát

     قومی متفکرند اندر ره دین qoum-i motefakker-and andar rah-e din

     قومی به گمان فتاده در راه یقین qoum-i be-gamân fetâde dar râh-e yaqin

     می‌ترسم از آنکه بانگ آید روزی mi-tarsam az ân-ke bâng âyad ruzi

     کای بی‌خبران راه نه آنست و نه این k"ey bi-xabarân! râh na ân-ast o na in"

2. ethnic group

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Punjabi

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Noun

1. nation, people

Synonyms

• (people): نسل (nasal)