مشهد

See also: مشہد

Arabic

Etymology 1

Noun of place from the root ش ه د (š-h-d).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maʃ.had/

Noun

مَشْهَد • (mašhad) m (plural مَشَاهِد (mašāhid))

1. place of assembly, meeting, meeting place

   Synonym: مُلْتَقَى (multaqā)

2. place where a martyr died
3. tomb of a saint, religious shrine; a religious mausoleum

   Synonyms: مَرْقَد (marqad), ضَرِيح (ḍarīḥ), مَقَام (maqām), مَزَار (mazār)

4. funeral cortege

   Synonym: مَوْكِب عَزَاء (mawkib ʕazāʔ)

5. procession

   Synonym: مَوْكِب (mawkib)

6. view, aspect, spectacle, sight, scenery

   Synonym: مَنْظَر (manẓar)

7. scene (of a crime, a movie, a video), place of interest, object of interest

   Synonym: مَوْقِع (mawqiʕ)

8. nature scene, scene in a theater or play
9. act, number (on stage)

Declension

Declension of noun مَشْهَد (mašhad)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَشْهَد mašhad	الْمَشْهَد al-mašhad	مَشْهَد mašhad
Nominative	مَشْهَدٌ mašhadun	الْمَشْهَدُ al-mašhadu	مَشْهَدُ mašhadu
Accusative	مَشْهَدًا mašhadan	الْمَشْهَدَ al-mašhada	مَشْهَدَ mašhada
Genitive	مَشْهَدٍ mašhadin	الْمَشْهَدِ al-mašhadi	مَشْهَدِ mašhadi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَشْهَدَيْن mašhadayn	الْمَشْهَدَيْن al-mašhadayn	مَشْهَدَيْ mašhaday
Nominative	مَشْهَدَانِ mašhadāni	الْمَشْهَدَانِ al-mašhadāni	مَشْهَدَا mašhadā
Accusative	مَشْهَدَيْنِ mašhadayni	الْمَشْهَدَيْنِ al-mašhadayni	مَشْهَدَيْ mašhaday
Genitive	مَشْهَدَيْنِ mašhadayni	الْمَشْهَدَيْنِ al-mašhadayni	مَشْهَدَيْ mašhaday
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَشَاهِد mašāhid	الْمَشَاهِد al-mašāhid	مَشَاهِد mašāhid
Nominative	مَشَاهِدُ mašāhidu	الْمَشَاهِدُ al-mašāhidu	مَشَاهِدُ mašāhidu
Accusative	مَشَاهِدَ mašāhida	الْمَشَاهِدَ al-mašāhida	مَشَاهِدَ mašāhida
Genitive	مَشَاهِدَ mašāhida	الْمَشَاهِدِ al-mašāhidi	مَشَاهِدِ mašāhidi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: məşhəd
• → Ottoman Turkish: مشهد (meşhed)
  • Turkish: meşhed
• → Persian: مشهد (mašhad)
• → Urdu: مَشْہَد (maśhad)

Proper noun

مَشْهَد • (mašhad) f

1. Mashhad (a city in Iran)

   Synonym: (old name) طُوس (ṭūs)

Declension

Declension of noun مَشْهَد (mašhad)

Singular	basic singular diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	مَشْهَد mašhad	—
Nominative	—	مَشْهَدُ mašhadu	—
Accusative	—	مَشْهَدَ mašhada	—
Genitive	—	مَشْهَدَ mašhada	—

Further reading

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “مشهد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /muʃ.hid/

Adjective

مُشْهِد • (mušhid) (feminine مُشْهِدَة (mušhida), masculine plural مُشْهِدُونَ (mušhidūna), feminine plural مُشْهِدَات (mušhidāt))

1. active participle of أَشْهَدَ (ʔašhada)

Declension

Declension of adjective مُشْهِد (mušhid)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْهِد mušhid	الْمُشْهِد al-mušhid	مُشْهِدَة mušhida	الْمُشْهِدَة al-mušhida
Nominative	مُشْهِدٌ mušhidun	الْمُشْهِدُ al-mušhidu	مُشْهِدَةٌ mušhidatun	الْمُشْهِدَةُ al-mušhidatu
Accusative	مُشْهِدًا mušhidan	الْمُشْهِدَ al-mušhida	مُشْهِدَةً mušhidatan	الْمُشْهِدَةَ al-mušhidata
Genitive	مُشْهِدٍ mušhidin	الْمُشْهِدِ al-mušhidi	مُشْهِدَةٍ mušhidatin	الْمُشْهِدَةِ al-mušhidati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْهِدَيْن mušhidayn	الْمُشْهِدَيْن al-mušhidayn	مُشْهِدَتَيْن mušhidatayn	الْمُشْهِدَتَيْن al-mušhidatayn
Nominative	مُشْهِدَانِ mušhidāni	الْمُشْهِدَانِ al-mušhidāni	مُشْهِدَتَانِ mušhidatāni	الْمُشْهِدَتَانِ al-mušhidatāni
Accusative	مُشْهِدَيْنِ mušhidayni	الْمُشْهِدَيْنِ al-mušhidayni	مُشْهِدَتَيْنِ mušhidatayni	الْمُشْهِدَتَيْنِ al-mušhidatayni
Genitive	مُشْهِدَيْنِ mušhidayni	الْمُشْهِدَيْنِ al-mušhidayni	مُشْهِدَتَيْنِ mušhidatayni	الْمُشْهِدَتَيْنِ al-mušhidatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْهِدِين mušhidīn	الْمُشْهِدِين al-mušhidīn	مُشْهِدَات mušhidāt	الْمُشْهِدَات al-mušhidāt
Nominative	مُشْهِدُونَ mušhidūna	الْمُشْهِدُونَ al-mušhidūna	مُشْهِدَاتٌ mušhidātun	الْمُشْهِدَاتُ al-mušhidātu
Accusative	مُشْهِدِينَ mušhidīna	الْمُشْهِدِينَ al-mušhidīna	مُشْهِدَاتٍ mušhidātin	الْمُشْهِدَاتِ al-mušhidāti
Genitive	مُشْهِدِينَ mušhidīna	الْمُشْهِدِينَ al-mušhidīna	مُشْهِدَاتٍ mušhidātin	الْمُشْهِدَاتِ al-mušhidāti

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: مشهد (müşhid)
  • Turkish: müşhid
• → Persian: مشهد (mošhed)

Further reading

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “مشهد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /muʃ.had/

Adjective

مُشْهَد • (mušhad) (feminine مُشْهَدَة (mušhada), masculine plural مُشْهَدُونَ (mušhadūna), feminine plural مُشْهَدَات (mušhadāt))

1. passive participle of أَشْهَدَ (ʔašhada)

Declension

Declension of adjective مُشْهَد (mušhad)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْهَد mušhad	الْمُشْهَد al-mušhad	مُشْهَدَة mušhada	الْمُشْهَدَة al-mušhada
Nominative	مُشْهَدٌ mušhadun	الْمُشْهَدُ al-mušhadu	مُشْهَدَةٌ mušhadatun	الْمُشْهَدَةُ al-mušhadatu
Accusative	مُشْهَدًا mušhadan	الْمُشْهَدَ al-mušhada	مُشْهَدَةً mušhadatan	الْمُشْهَدَةَ al-mušhadata
Genitive	مُشْهَدٍ mušhadin	الْمُشْهَدِ al-mušhadi	مُشْهَدَةٍ mušhadatin	الْمُشْهَدَةِ al-mušhadati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْهَدَيْن mušhadayn	الْمُشْهَدَيْن al-mušhadayn	مُشْهَدَتَيْن mušhadatayn	الْمُشْهَدَتَيْن al-mušhadatayn
Nominative	مُشْهَدَانِ mušhadāni	الْمُشْهَدَانِ al-mušhadāni	مُشْهَدَتَانِ mušhadatāni	الْمُشْهَدَتَانِ al-mušhadatāni
Accusative	مُشْهَدَيْنِ mušhadayni	الْمُشْهَدَيْنِ al-mušhadayni	مُشْهَدَتَيْنِ mušhadatayni	الْمُشْهَدَتَيْنِ al-mušhadatayni
Genitive	مُشْهَدَيْنِ mušhadayni	الْمُشْهَدَيْنِ al-mušhadayni	مُشْهَدَتَيْنِ mušhadatayni	الْمُشْهَدَتَيْنِ al-mušhadatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْهَدِين mušhadīn	الْمُشْهَدِين al-mušhadīn	مُشْهَدَات mušhadāt	الْمُشْهَدَات al-mušhadāt
Nominative	مُشْهَدُونَ mušhadūna	الْمُشْهَدُونَ al-mušhadūna	مُشْهَدَاتٌ mušhadātun	الْمُشْهَدَاتُ al-mušhadātu
Accusative	مُشْهَدِينَ mušhadīna	الْمُشْهَدِينَ al-mušhadīna	مُشْهَدَاتٍ mušhadātin	الْمُشْهَدَاتِ al-mušhadāti
Genitive	مُشْهَدِينَ mušhadīna	الْمُشْهَدِينَ al-mušhadīna	مُشْهَدَاتٍ mušhadātin	الْمُشْهَدَاتِ al-mušhadāti

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: مشهد (müşhed)
  • Turkish: müşhed
• → Persian: مشهد (mošhad)

Further reading

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “مشهد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Azerbaijani

Noun

مشهد

1. Arabic spelling of məşhəd

Proper noun

مشهد

1. Arabic spelling of Məşhəd

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic مَشْهَد (mašhad).

Noun

مشهد • (meşhed)

1. a place where people assemble, especially if for the performance of a special sacred rite
2. a field of battle; a battle
3. a place of martyrdom
4. a funeral assembly
5. the aspect of a person

Descendants

• Turkish: meşhed

Proper noun

مشهد • (meşhed)

1. Mashhad (a city in Iran)

Descendants

• Turkish: Meşhed

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مشهد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1872

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic مُشْهِد (mušhid).

Noun

مشهد • (müşhid)

1. who calls or produces a witness or evidence
2. who makes another see and become aware of any thing
3. who attains to puberty

Descendants

• Turkish: müşhid

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مشهد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1872

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic مُشْهَد (mušhad).

Adjective

مشهد • (müşhed)

1. made or called to be a witness, or to see an act or state
2. martyred

Descendants

• Turkish: müşhed

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مشهد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1872

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic مَشْهَد (mašhad).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [maʃ.hað]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäʃ.häd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäʃ.häd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mä.ʃäd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mä.ʃäd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæʃ.hæd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäʃ.häd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	mašhaḏ
Dari reading?	mašhad
Iranian reading?	mašhad
Tajik reading?	mašhad

• Audio (Persian)

  (file)

Noun

Dari	مشهد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	машҳад

مشهد • (mašhad)

1. place of martyrdom

Proper noun

Dari	مشهد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Машҳад

مشهد • (mašhad)

1. Mashhad (a city in Iran)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “مشهد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, volume 2, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim, page 909
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “مشهد”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic مُشْهِد (mušhid).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [muʃ.hið]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊʃ.hɪd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊʃ.hɪd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊ.ʃɪd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mu.ʃid̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [moʃ.hed̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [muʃ.hid̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	mušhiḏ
Dari reading?	mušhid
Iranian reading?	mošhed
Tajik reading?	mušhid

Noun

Dari	مشهد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	мушҳид

مشهد • (mošhed)

1. witness

Further reading

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “مشهد”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic مُشْهَد (mušhad).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [muʃ.hað]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊʃ.häd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊʃ.häd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊ.ʃäd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mu.ʃäd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [moʃ.hæd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [muʃ.häd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	mušhaḏ
Dari reading?	mušhad
Iranian reading?	mošhad
Tajik reading?	mušhad

Adjective

Dari	مشهد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	мушҳад

مشهد • (mošhad)

1. slain for religion's sake
2. slain without any mulct or fine being paid

Noun

Dari	مشهد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	мушҳад

مشهد • (mošhad)

1. martyr

Further reading

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “مشهد”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul