Iran
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Contents
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Persian ایران (Īrān), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ērān, “(land) of the Iranians”). See ērān for word formation, further etymology and cognates.
The name of the political entity is a 3rd-century development that derives from the indigenous ethno-linguistic name of the Iranian peoples,[1] i.e. the great variety of Iranian tribes that spoke an Iranian language.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (UK) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/[2]
- (US) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/, /aɪˈɹæn/[3]
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Audio (US) (file) -
Audio (US) (file)
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
- (common) a country in the Middle East. Its capital is Tehran. Present-day official name: Islamic Republic of Iran.
- 2005, Massoume Price, ed., Iran's Diverse Peoples, ABC-Clio, p. xiii
- Iran is a vast and ancient country in a strategic location in the Middle East. It borders Russia, Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, the Gulf of Oman, and the Persian Gulf
- ca. 1675, Jean Chardin (Sir John Chardin), Travels in Persia, 1673-1677, fasc. reprint 1988, Dover, p. 126.
- The Persians, in naming their country, make use of one word, which they indifferently pronounce Iroun, and Iran.
- 2005, Massoume Price, ed., Iran's Diverse Peoples, ABC-Clio, p. xiii
- (literary, technical) regions inhabited by Iranian peoples, i.e. (A) Western Iranian languages/peoples – Parthian(s) proper, Persiann(s) proper, Mede(s), Kurd(s), etc. – of the present-day country, and (B) the Eastern Iranian languages/peoples – Bactrian(s), Chorasmian(s), Khotanese, Sogdian(s), Baluchi(s), Pashtun(s) etc. – of Central Asia, or Ossetian(s) etc. of the Caucasus.
- 1990, Hubert Darke, "Cambridge History of Iran" in Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. 4, p. 724.
- "[The] Cambridge History of Iran [is] a survey of the history and historical geography of the land which is present-day Iran, as well as other territories inhabited by peoples of Iranian descent
- 1985, J. M. Cooke, "The Rise of the Achaemenids" in Cambridge Historiy of Iran, vol. 2, p. 290
- [W]e may surmise that there was a strong sense of Iranian unity lending solidarity to the eastern half of the empire. It is only in the generations after Alexander, in Eudemus and in Eratosthenes (ap. Strabo), that we find mention of the concept of a greater nation of Iran (Arianē) stretching from the Zagros to the Indus; but the sense of unity must have been there, for Herodotus tells us that the Medes were formerly called Arioi, and Darius I (followed by Xerxes) in his inscriptions proclaims himself an Iranian (Ariya) by race - he speaks of himself in ascending order as an Achaemenid, a Persian and an Iranian (Naqsh-i Rustam).
- 1898, A. V. W. Jackson, Zoroaster: The Prophet of Ancient Iran, Macmillan, p. 10
- Zoroaster of Iran. — Zoroaster, it is believed, sprang up in the seventh century before the Christian era, somewhere in the land between the Indus and the Tigris.
- 1882, James Darmesteter, The Zend-Avesta, vol. 1 (SBE, vol. 31), Oxford UP, p. 7, xxviii
- Kavi means a king, but it is particularly used of the kings belonging to the second and most celebrated of the two mythical dynasties of Iran.
- One certain fact is the occurrence of geographical names [Bactria, Sogdiana, etc] in Vendidad I, which are obviously intended to describe the earliest homes of the Iranian races whose lore was the Avesta.
- 1909, John Huston Finley (ed.), "Iran" in Nelson's Perpetual Loose-leaf Encyclopaedia, vol. 6, p. 479
- Iran. in early times, the name applied to the great Asiatic plateau which comprised the entire region from the Caucasus, the Caspian Sea, and Russian Turkestan on the north to the Tigris, the Persian Gulf, and the Arabian Sea on the west and south, and extending to the Indus on the east, likewise comprising the modern Afghanistan and the territory to the north of it as far as the Jaxartes River.
- 1990, Hubert Darke, "Cambridge History of Iran" in Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. 4, p. 724.
- Note: The distinction is between state and nation, the latter reflects indigenous usage of the term.
Synonyms[edit]
- Persia (archaic exogenous name for the country)
Related terms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
country in the Middle East
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Persia — see Persia
References[edit]
- ^ MacKenzie, David Niel (1998). "Ērān, Ērānšahr". Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. 8. Costa Mesa: Mazda, p. 534.
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
See also[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Afrikaans[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
Breton[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran ?
Catalan[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran m
Derived terms[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
- Catalan uses the definite article l’ in front of Iran, but not in enumerations (such as "Canada, China and Iran are big countries.")
Danish[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
Dutch[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
-
Audio (file)
Proper noun[edit]
Iran n
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Faroese[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
Declension[edit]
| Singular | |
| Indefinite | |
| Nominative | Iran |
| Accusative | Iran |
| Dative | Irani |
| Genitive | Irans |
Related terms[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Finnish[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
Declension[edit]
| Inflection of Iran (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | Iran | — | |
| genitive | Iranin | — | |
| partitive | Irania | — | |
| illative | Iraniin | — | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | Iran | — | |
| accusative | nom. | Iran | — |
| gen. | Iranin | ||
| genitive | Iranin | — | |
| partitive | Irania | — | |
| inessive | Iranissa | — | |
| elative | Iranista | — | |
| illative | Iraniin | — | |
| adessive | Iranilla | — | |
| ablative | Iranilta | — | |
| allative | Iranille | — | |
| essive | Iranina | — | |
| translative | Iraniksi | — | |
| instructive | — | — | |
| abessive | Iranitta | — | |
| comitative | — | — | |
Anagrams[edit]
French[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran m
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]
German[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran m (genitive Irans or Iran)
Usage notes[edit]
- The word is sometimes used without a definite article as in English: Iran, in Iran. In this case, the genitive is always Irans, for example Irans Hauptstadt – "Iran's capital".
- More commonly, however, the definite article is used with the name: der Iran, im Iran. In this case, the genitive usually is des Iran, although des Irans is also correct: die Hauptstadt des Iran(s) – "the capital of Iran".
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Indonesian[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
Interlingua[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
Italian[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran m
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Romanization[edit]
Iran
Norwegian[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran
Related terms[edit]
Polish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran m
Declension[edit]
declension of Iran
Derived terms[edit]
Romanian[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran n
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Ìrān m (Cyrillic spelling Ѝра̄н)
Declension[edit]
Declension of Iran
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | Ìrān |
| genitive | Irána |
| dative | Iranu |
| accusative | Iran |
| vocative | Irane |
| locative | Iranu |
| instrumental | Iranom |
Swedish[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Iran n
Derived terms[edit]
Categories:
- English terms derived from Persian
- English terms derived from Middle Persian
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English literary terms
- en:Countries
- en:Iran
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans proper nouns
- af:Countries
- Breton lemmas
- Breton proper nouns
- br:Countries
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan proper nouns
- ca:Countries
- Danish lemmas
- Danish proper nouns
- da:Countries
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch proper nouns
- nl:Countries
- Faroese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Faroese terms with homophones
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese proper nouns
- fo:Countries
- fo:Iran
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish proper nouns
- Finnish paperi-type nominals
- Finnish uncountable nouns
- fi:Countries
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French proper nouns
- fr:Countries
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German proper nouns
- de:Countries of Asia
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian proper nouns
- id:Countries
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua proper nouns
- ia:Countries
- Italian proper nouns
- Italian lemmas
- it:Countries
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Norwegian lemmas
- Norwegian proper nouns
- no:Countries
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Polish lemmas
- Polish proper nouns
- pl:Countries
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian proper nouns
- ro:Countries
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian proper nouns
- sh:Countries
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish proper nouns
- sv:Countries