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Iran

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "iran"

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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English Wikipedia has articles on:
Wikipedia Wikipedia

From Iranian Persian ایران (irân), from Classical Persian ایران (ērān), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates. The name of the political entity is a 3rd-century development that derives from the indigenous ethnolinguistic name of the Iranian peoples,[1] i.e. the great variety of Iranian tribes that spoke an Iranian language.

Pronunciation

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  • (UK) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/, /iː-/[2]
  • (US) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/, (proscribed) /aɪˈɹæn/[3]
  • Audio (UK):(file)
  • Audio (UK):(file)
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑːn, -æn

Proper noun

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Iran

  2. A country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Islamic Republic of Iran. Capital: Tehran.
    • ca. 1675, Jean Chardin (Sir John Chardin), Travels in Persia, 1673-1677, fasc. reprint 1988, Dover, page 126:
      "The Persians, in naming their country, make use of one word, which they indifferently pronounce Iroun, and Iran."
    • 1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 25:
      Light was happiness; and the people of Iran, the land of light, were the favourites of heaven; while those of Turan, the gloomy region beyond the mountains to the north, were its enemies.
    • 2005, Massoume Price, editor, Iran's Diverse Peoples, ABC-Clio, page xiii:
      "Iran is a vast and ancient country in a strategic location in the Middle East. It borders Russia, Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, the Gulf of Oman, and the Persian Gulf."
  3. (literary, technical) regions inhabited by the Iranian peoples.
    • 1882, James Darmesteter, The Zend-Avesta, volume 1 (SBE, volume 31), Oxford UP, page 7, xxviii:
      "Kavi means a king, but it is particularly used of the kings belonging to the second and most celebrated of the two mythical dynasties of Iran."
      "One certain fact is the occurrence of geographical names [Bactria, Sogdiana, etc] in Vendidad I, which are obviously intended to describe the earliest homes of the Iranian races whose lore was the Avesta."
    • 1898, A. V. W. Jackson, Zoroaster: The Prophet of Ancient Iran, Macmillan, page 10:
      "Zoroaster of Iran. — Zoroaster, it is believed, sprang up in the seventh century before the Christian era, somewhere in the land between the Indus and the Tigris."
    • 1909, “Iran”, in John Huston Finley, editor, Nelson's Perpetual Loose-leaf Encyclopaedia, volume 6, page 479:
      "Iran. in early times, the name applied to the great Asiatic plateau which comprised the entire region from the Caucasus, the Caspian Sea, and Russian Turkestan on the north to the Tigris, the Persian Gulf, and the Arabian Sea on the west and south, and extending to the Indus on the east, likewise comprising the modern Afghanistan and the territory to the north of it as far as the Jaxartes River."
    • 1985, J. M. Cooke, “The Rise of the Achaemenids”, in Cambridge Historiy of Iran, volume 2, page 290:
      "[W]e may surmise that there was a strong sense of Iranian unity lending solidarity to the eastern half of the empire. It is only in the generations after Alexander, in Eudemus and in Eratosthenes (ap. Strabo), that we find mention of the concept of a greater nation of Iran (Arianē) stretching from the Zagros to the Indus; but the sense of unity must have been there, for Herodotus tells us that the Medes were formerly called Arioi, and Darius I (followed by Xerxes) in his inscriptions proclaims himself an Iranian (Ariya) by race - he speaks of himself in ascending order as an Achaemenid, a Persian and an Iranian (Naqsh-i Rustam)."
    • 1990, Hubert Darke, “Cambridge History of Iran”, in Encyclopedia Iranica, volume 4, page 724:
      "[The] Cambridge History of Iran [is] a survey of the history and historical geography of the land which is present-day Iran, as well as other territories inhabited by peoples of Iranian descent."

Derived terms

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Translations

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See also

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countries in Asia (appendix)edit

References

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  1. ^ MacKenzie, David Niel (1998). "Ērān, Ērānšahr". Encyclopedia Iranica, volume 8. Costa Mesa: Mazda, page 534.
  2. ^ “Iran”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
  3. ^ “Iran”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Afrikaans Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia af

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Teheran)

Derived terms

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Albanian

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Albanian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sq

Proper noun

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Iran m (definite Irani)

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Inflection

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Declension of Iran
singular
indefinite definite
nominative Iran Irani
accusative Iranin
dat./abl. Irani Iranit

Derived terms

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Basque

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Basque Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia eu

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran inan

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Declension

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Declension of Iran (inanimate, ending in consonant)
indefinite
absolutive Iran
ergative Iranek
dative Irani
genitive Iranen
comitative Iranekin
causative Iranengatik
benefactive Iranentzat
instrumental Iranez
inessive Iranen
locative Irango
allative Iranera
terminative Iraneraino
directive Iranerantz
destinative Iranerako
ablative Irandik
partitive Iranik
prolative Irantzat

Derived terms

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See also

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countries in Asia: Asiako herrialdeak (appendix)edit

Breton

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Proper noun

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Iran ?

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran m

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Usage notes

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Derived terms

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Central Nahuatl

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Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Danish

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Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Derived terms

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Dutch

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyʿʾn). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /iˈrɑn/, (somewhat dated) /iˈraːn/, (dated) /ˈiː.rɑn/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: Iran

Proper noun

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Iran n

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
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See also

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Faroese

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Declension

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singular
indefinite
nominative Iran
accusative Iran
dative Irani
genitive Irans
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Anagrams

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Finnish

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Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi

Etymology

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From Persian ایران.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈirɑn/, [ˈirɑ̝n]
  • Rhymes: -irɑn
  • Syllabification(key): I‧ran
  • Hyphenation(key): I‧ran

Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Declension

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Inflection of Iran (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
nominative Iran —
genitive Iranin —
partitive Irania —
illative Iraniin —
singular plural
nominative Iran —
accusative nom. Iran —
gen. Iranin
genitive Iranin —
partitive Irania —
inessive Iranissa —
elative Iranista —
illative Iraniin —
adessive Iranilla —
ablative Iranilta —
allative Iranille —
essive Iranina —
translative Iraniksi —
abessive Iranitta —
instructive — —
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of Iran (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative Iranini —
accusative nom. Iranini —
gen. Iranini
genitive Iranini —
partitive Iraniani —
inessive Iranissani —
elative Iranistani —
illative Iraniini —
adessive Iranillani —
ablative Iraniltani —
allative Iranilleni —
essive Iraninani —
translative Iranikseni —
abessive Iranittani —
instructive — —
comitative — —
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative Iranisi —
accusative nom. Iranisi —
gen. Iranisi
genitive Iranisi —
partitive Iraniasi —
inessive Iranissasi —
elative Iranistasi —
illative Iraniisi —
adessive Iranillasi —
ablative Iraniltasi —
allative Iranillesi —
essive Iraninasi —
translative Iraniksesi —
abessive Iranittasi —
instructive — —
comitative — —
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative Iranimme —
accusative nom. Iranimme —
gen. Iranimme
genitive Iranimme —
partitive Iraniamme —
inessive Iranissamme —
elative Iranistamme —
illative Iraniimme —
adessive Iranillamme —
ablative Iraniltamme —
allative Iranillemme —
essive Iraninamme —
translative Iraniksemme —
abessive Iranittamme —
instructive — —
comitative — —
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative Iraninne —
accusative nom. Iraninne —
gen. Iraninne
genitive Iraninne —
partitive Iranianne —
inessive Iranissanne —
elative Iranistanne —
illative Iraniinne —
adessive Iranillanne —
ablative Iraniltanne —
allative Iranillenne —
essive Iraninanne —
translative Iraniksenne —
abessive Iranittanne —
instructive — —
comitative — —
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative Iraninsa —
accusative nom. Iraninsa —
gen. Iraninsa
genitive Iraninsa —
partitive Iraniaan
Iraniansa 		—
inessive Iranissaan
Iranissansa 		—
elative Iranistaan
Iranistansa 		—
illative Iraniinsa —
adessive Iranillaan
Iranillansa 		—
ablative Iraniltaan
Iraniltansa 		—
allative Iranilleen
Iranillensa 		—
essive Iraninaan
Iraninansa 		—
translative Iranikseen
Iraniksensa 		—
abessive Iranittaan
Iranittansa 		—
instructive — —
comitative — —

Derived terms

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compounds

Anagrams

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French

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran m

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; official name: République islamique d’Iran)
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See also

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See also

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countries in Asia: pays d’Asie (appendix)edit

German

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran n (proper noun, genitive Irans or (optionally with an article) Iran)

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Proper noun

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Iran m (proper noun, strong, genitive Irans or Iran)

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Usage notes

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  • The word is sometimes used without a definite article as in English: Iran, in Iran. In this case, the genitive is always Irans, for example Irans Hauptstadt – "Iran's capital".
  • More commonly, however, the definite article is used with the name: der Iran, im Iran. In this case, the genitive usually is des Iran, although des Irans is also correct: die Hauptstadt des Iran(s) – "the capital of Iran".

Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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  • “Iran” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates. Doublet of aria, arya, Arya, and ayah.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

See also

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countries in Asia: negara-negara di Asia (appendix)edit

Further reading

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Interlingua

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Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Italian

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Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈi.ran/, (traditional) /iˈran/[1]
  • Rhymes: -iran, (traditional) -an
  • Hyphenation: Ì‧ran, (traditional) I‧ràn

Proper noun

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Iran m

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Iran in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Anagrams

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Japanese

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Romanization

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Iran

  1. Rōmaji transcription of イラン

Maltese

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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L-Iran m

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Repubblika Iżlamika tal-Iran)

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Proper noun

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Iran

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran m

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Declension

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Declension of Iran
singular
nominative Iran
genitive Iranu
dative Iranowi
accusative Iran
instrumental Iranem
locative Iranie
vocative Iranie

Derived terms

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adjective
nouns

Further reading

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  • Iran in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • Iran in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran n

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Serbo-Croatian

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Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sh

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ǐraːn/
  • Hyphenation: I‧ran

Proper noun

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Ìrān m (Cyrillic spelling Ѝра̄н)

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Declension

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Declension of Iran
singular
nominative Ìrān
genitive Irána
dative Iranu
accusative Iran
vocative Irane
locative Iranu
instrumental Iranom

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran n (genitive Irans)

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Derived terms

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References

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Anagrams

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Tagalog

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Tagalog Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia tl

Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish Irán (“Iran”).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Irán (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜈ᜔)

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Coordinate terms

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countries in Asia (Latin script): mga bansa sa Asya (appendix)edit

Welsh

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Welsh Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cy

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Iran f

  1. Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)

Coordinate terms

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countries in Asia: gwledydd Asia (appendix)edit

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of Iran
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
Iran unchanged unchanged Hiran

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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