ایران

See also: Appendix:Variations of "iran", إيران, and اېران

Persian

Alternative forms

• ایرون (irun) (dialectal)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Áryas

Proto-Iranian *Áryah

Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 (a-r-i-y)

Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭫 (ʾyl)

Middle Persian -ān

Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyʿʾn)

Persian ایران

Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyʿʾn /⁠ērān⁠/), see there for more.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʔeː.ˈraːn/, /ʔiː.ˈraːn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔiː.ɾɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔiː.ɾɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔiː.ɾɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔi.ɾɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔiː.ɹɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔe.ɾɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	ērān, īrān
Dari reading?	īrān
Iranian reading?	irân
Tajik reading?	eron

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːn, (dialectal) -uːn

Proper noun

ایران • (ērān / irân or īrān / irân) (Tajik spelling Эрон or Ирон)

1. Iran (a country in West Asia in the Middle East); (historically) Persia

   Synonym: (official) جُمْهوریِ اِسْلامیِ ایران (jomhuri-ye eslâmi-ye irân)

   • c. 1032, گردیزی [Gardēzī], زین‌الاخبار [Zaynu-l-axbār]:

     میان ایران و توران تعصب و فتنه افتاد تا بدین غایت هنوز اندر آنند.

     miyān-i ērān u tūrān ta'assub u fitna uftād tā badīn ġāyat hanūz andar ān-and.

     There has been intolerance and strife between Iran and Turan to the point that they are still engaged in it to this moment.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

   • 1600s, اشرف مازندرانی [Ašraf Māzandārānī], edited by احمد گلچین معانی [Ahmad Golčin-e Ma'âni], کاروان هند [kārwān-i hind], volume 1, India, published 1970, page 71:

     گر به صد زحمت من از هندوستان آیم برون
     خود بگو از عهده‌ی ایران چسان آیم برون

     gar ba sad zahmat man az hindūstān āyam birawan
     xwad bugō az uhda-yi ērān čisān āyam birawan

     If, by a hundred efforts, I should leave Hindustan
     Tell me, how should I ever leave my duty to Iran?

     (Classical Persian Transliteration)

   • 1923, اقبال لاهوری [Muhammad Iqbal], پیام مشرق [Message from the East]:

     سکندر رفت و شمشیر و علم رفت
     خراج شهر و گنج کان و یم رفت
     امم را از شهان پاینده تر دان
     نمی بینی که ایران ماند و جم رفت

     sekandar raft o šamšir o 'alam raft
     xarâj-e šahr o ganj-e kân o yam raft
     omam râ az šahân pâyande-tar dân
     ne-mi-bini ke irân mânad o jam raft

     Alexander is gone, with his sword and his banner,
     His cities' revenues and his treasures from mines and seas are gone.
     Know that nations are more lasting than kings;
     Do you not see that Iran remains, while Jamshid is gone?

     (Modern Iranian Persian Transliteration)

2. a female given name, Iran, from Middle Persian

Usage notes

• The female given name does not change its ending in the dialectal register.
• In the Standard Colloquial of Iran (Tehrani), retains its original form ایران (irân) instead of an -un form (ایرون (irun)).

Derived terms

• ایرانشهر (ērānšahr / irânšahr)
• ایرانی (ērānī / irâni)
• ایران‌زمین (ērān-zamīn / irân-zamin)
• ایران‌ویج (ērān-vēj / irân-vij)

Descendants

• → Assamese: ইৰান (iran)
• → Bengali: ইরান (iran)
• → Central Kurdish: ئێران (êran)
• → Chagatai: ایران (ʾyrān)
  • Uyghur: ئىران (iran)
  • Uzbek: Eron
• → Gujarati: ઈરાન (īrān)
• → Hindustani: īrān

  Hindi: ईरान

  Urdu: اِیران

• → Northern Kurdish: Îran
• → Marathi:

  Devanagari script: इराण (irāṇ)

  Modi script: 𑘃𑘨𑘰𑘜 (īrāṇ)

• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਇਰਾਨ (irān)

  Shahmukhi script: اِیران (īyrān)

• → Sylheti: ꠁꠞꠣꠘ (iran)
• → Telugu: ఇరాన్ (irān)

Urdu

Picture dictionary

ایران

ترکی

قبرص

لبنان

شام

فلسطین

اسرائیل

اُردن

مصر

کردستان

عراق

کویت

ایران

سعودی
عرب

بحرین

قطر

متحدہ عرب امارات

عمان

یمن

شام

شام

اسرائیل

اسرائیل

گلیل

گلیل

ہندوستان

ہندوستان

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Áryas

Proto-Iranian *Áryah

Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 (a-r-i-y)

Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭫 (ʾyl)

Middle Persian -ān

Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyʿʾn)

Classical Persian اِیرَان (īrān)bor.

Urdu اِیرَان (īrān)

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِیرَان (īrān).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /iː.ɾɑːn/

• Audio (Pakistan):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːn
• Hyphenation: اِی‧ران

Proper noun

اِیران • (īrān) m (Hindi spelling ईरान)

1. Iran (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)

Related terms

• اِیرانِی (īrānī, “Iranian”)

See also

• (Middle East) مَشْرِقِ وُسْطیٰ (maśriq-i vustā); سَعُودی عَرَب (sa'ūdī 'arab), مِصْر (misr) عِراق ('irāq), اِیران (īrān), اُرْدُن (urdun), شام (śām), تُرْکِیَہ (turkiya), قِبْرِص (qibris) فِلِسْطِین (filistīn) اِسْرائِیل (isrāīl) لِبْنان (libnān) یَمَن (yaman) عُمان ('umān) مُتَّحِدَہ عَرَب اِمارات (muttahida 'arab imārāt) قَطَر (qatar) بَحْرِین (bahrīn) کُوَیت (kuvait) ^{(Category: ur:Middle East)}

References

• “ایران”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.