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Afghanistan

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Afghánistán

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Flag of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
Internationally-recognized flag of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Map of Afghanistan

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Etymology tree
Bactrian αβαγανο (abagano)der.
Classical Persian افغان (afġān / afġân)
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáHnam
Middle Persian -stʾn'
Classical Persian ـستان (-istān / -estân)
Classical Persian اَفْغَانِسْتَان (afġānistān)bor.
English Afghanistan

    From Classical Persian اَفْغَانِسْتَان (afġānistān), from اَفْغَان (afġān, “Afghan”) + ـِسْتَان (-istān, “-istan: land of”),[1] equivalent to Afghan +‎ -istan.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /æfˈɡɑːn.ɪˌstɑːn/, /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstɑːn/, /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstæn/
    • Audio (UK):(file)
    • Audio (US):(file)

    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan

    2. A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia. Official name: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Capital and largest city: Kabul. [from 1768][1]
      Synonym: Graveyard of Empires (figuratively)
      Hypernym: Central Asia
      • 1768, Mahummud Casim Ferishta, translated by Alexander Dow, “The Reign of Chusero Malleck, ben Chusero Shaw”, in The History of Hindostan; from the Earliest Account of Time, to the Death of Akbar; […], volume I, London: […] T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt, […], →OCLC, page 141:
        But Shahab ul dien Mahummud, brother to the Prince of Ghor, invaded the kingdom of Ghizni, which he conquered, and not ſatisfied with that, marched an army into Hindoſtan, overrunning Piſhawir, Afghaniſtan, Moultan and Sind.
      • 1781 October 22, “From the Delhi Gazette, Calcutta”, in The Remembrancer; or, Impartial Repository of Public Events. For the Year 1782., part II, London: […] J[ohn] Debrett, […], published 1782, →OCLC, page 43, column 1:
        This Timoor Shah is the ſon of the famous Ahmed Shah Abdalee, who was formerly in the ſervice of Nadir Shah, and upon the aſſaſſination of that monarch, ſeized the vaſl treaſures which had been depoſited in the Caſtle Herat, and carried them off into the mountains of Afghaniſtan, where his ſtandard was preſently joined by numbers of needy followers, and with this army he ſoon founded an independent kingdom to the eaſtward of Perſia.
      • 1790, George Forster, “Preface”, in A Journey from Bengal to England, through the Northern Part of India, Kashmire, Afghanistan, and Persia; and into Russia, by the Caspian Sea. […], volume I, Calcutta: […] Press of Cooper and Upjohn, →OCLC, page 5:
        I am now arranging, and endeavouring to render worthy of the notice of the public, a ſecond volume, which contains a relation of my journey from Kaſhmire to England, through Afghaniſtan, Perſia, and Ruſſia.
      • 2008 February 19, John F[isher] Burns, “Britain: Life Sentence in Beheading Plot”, in The New York Times‎[1], New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 26 November 2022:
        Described by witnesses as a keen cricketer and pubgoer until contacts with Islamic militants radicalized him on a trip to Pakistan, he was ordered to serve at least 14 years for the plot, and for supplying militants in Afghanistan with money and equipment.

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • →? French: Afghanistan
    • → Hawaiian: ʻApekanikana
    • ⇒? Portuguese: Afeganistão
    • ⇒? Spanish: Afganistán
    • →? Translingual: AF, AFG

    Translations

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    See also

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    countries in Asia (appendix)edit
    provinces of Afghanistanedit

    References

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    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “Afghanistanism, n., Etymology”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023.

    Afrikaans

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    Afrikaans Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia af

    Alternative forms

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    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; capital: Kaboel)
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    Dutch

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    Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nl

    Etymology

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ɑfˈxaːniˌstɑn/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Hyphenation: Af‧gha‧ni‧stan

    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan n (adjective Afghaans or Afghanistaans, demonym Afghaan m or Afghaanse f)

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)

    See also

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    countries in Asia: landen in Azië (appendix)edit

    French

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    French Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia fr

    Etymology

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    Ultimately from Classical Persian افغانستان (afġānistān), apparently through English Afghanistan.[1]

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

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    l'Afghanistan m

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; capital and largest city: Kaboul)
      aller en Afghanistan ― to go to Afghanistan
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    See also

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    countries in Asia: pays d'Asie (appendix)edit

    References

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    1. ^ “Afghanistanism, n., Etymology”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023.

    German

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    German Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia de

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan n (proper noun, genitive Afghanistans or (optionally with an article) Afghanistan)

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)
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    See also

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    countries in Asia: Staaten Asiens (appendix)edit

    Further reading

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    • “Afghanistan” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

    Italian

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    Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia it

    Alternative forms

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /afˈɡa.nis.tan/, (traditional) /af.ɡa.nisˈtan/[1]
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -anistan, (traditional) -an
    • Hyphenation: Af‧ghà‧ni‧stan, (traditional) Af‧gha‧ni‧stàn

    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan m

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)
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    See also

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    countries in Asia: paesi dell'Asia (appendix)edit

    References

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    1. ^ Afghanistan in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

    Luxembourgish

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    Luxembourgish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia lb

    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan n

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)

    Norman

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    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan

    1. (Jersey) Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)

    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia no

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ɑf.ˈɡɑ.nɪ.stɑn/

    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)
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    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nn

    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)
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    Swedish

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    Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia sv

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

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    Afghanistan n (genitive Afghanistans)

    1. Afghanistan (a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)
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    See also

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    countries in Asia: Asiens länder (appendix)edit

    References

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    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Afghanistan&oldid=90066715"