ܘܠܐ
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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Root |
---|
ܘ ܠ ܐ (w l ˀ) |
3 terms |
Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē), from Aramaic וָלֵא (wālē, active participle of a defective verb, literally “it is fitting”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]ܘܵܠܹܐ • (wālē)
- it is fitting, is it right; must, have to, should indicates obligation [with ܕ- (d-) ‘that’]
- Synonyms: ܙܵܕ݂ܹܩ (zāḏēq), ܓܵܪܲܓ (gārag), ܠܵܙܹܡ (lāzēm)
- ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ ܟܡܵܐ ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܕܗܵܘܹܝܬ ܬܲܡܵܐ؟ ― šāˁaṯ kmā wālē lūḵ d-hāwēt tammā? ― At what time do you have to be there?
- ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܕܡܵܛܹܝܢ ܠܣܸܕ݂ܪܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܲܕ݇ܡ ܡܲܠܦܵܢܵܐ. ― wālē lī d-māṭēn l-siḏrā min qam malpānā. ― I must arrive in class before the teacher.
- ܠܵܐ ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܕܦܵܠܹܫ ܥܲܡܵܗ̇. ― lā wālē lēh d-pālēš ˁammāh. ― He shouldn't fight with her.
Usage notes
[edit]- While ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē) is an adverb, it is used in much the same way as a present-tense verb; followed by its suffixes agreeing with the subject in person, gender, and number. Its corresponding past tense is expressed by ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē) + ܗ݇ܘܵܐ/ܗ݇ܘܵܬ݇/ܗ݇ܘܵܘ (wā).
- This adverb is considered to be of high modality; contrasted with ܫܘܼܕ (šūd) or ܝܵܐܹܐ (yāˀē, “should, ought to”) which is weaker and of medium to low modality.
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē)
Base Form | ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Personal-pronoun including forms | singular | plural | |
m | f | ||
1st person | ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܝܼ (wālē lī) |
ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܲܢ (wālē lan) | |
2nd person | ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (wālē lūḵ) |
ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (wālē lāḵ) |
ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (wālē lāwḵōn) |
3rd person | ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܹܗ (wālē lēh) |
ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (wālē lāh) |
ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (wālē lhōn) |
Derived terms
[edit]- ܘܵܠܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (wālīṯā, “duty, obligation, honesty, that which is fitting”)
- ܘܵܠܝܵܝܵܐ (wālyāyā, “obligatory, adequate”)
- ܘܵܠܝܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (wālyāˀīṯ, “fittingly, decently”)
Etymology 2
[edit]From ܘ- (w-, “and”) + ܠܵܐ (lā, “not”); compare Hebrew וָלֹא (való) and Arabic وَلَا (walā).
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]ܘܠܵܐ • (w-lā)
- nor, or else
- ܓܲܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܦܵܠܫܝܼ ܩܵܐ ܕܲܗܒ݂ܵܐ ܠܲܝܬ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܐܝܼܩܵܪܵܐ ܘܠܵܐ ܬܟ݂ܝܼܠܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ. ― gaḇrē d-kē pālšī qā dahḇā layt lhōn īqārā w-lā tḵīlūṯā. ― Men who fight for gold have neither honor nor loyalty.
- ܠܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܐܵܟ݂ܠܹܢ ܘܠܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܫܵܬ݂ܹܝܢ ܗܲܠ ܕܕܵܥܹܪ ܐܸܠܝܼ ― lā bit āḵlēn w-lā bit šāṯēn hal d-dāˁēr ilī ― I will not eat nor drink until he returns to me.
Classical Syriac
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]ܘܠܐ • (wēlā(ʾ)) f (plural ܘܠܣ or ܘܠܐ)
- Alternative spelling of ܘܝܠܐ
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]ܘܠܐ • (wālē) m active participle
- it is fitting, it is right
Etymology 3
[edit]From ܘ (w, “and”) and ܠܵܐ (lā, “not”).
Conjunction
[edit]ܘܠܐ • (w(ə)-lā)
Categories:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms belonging to the root ܘ ܠ ܐ
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms borrowed from Classical Syriac
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic learned borrowings from Classical Syriac
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic adverbs
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic compound terms
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic conjunctions
- Classical Syriac lemmas
- Classical Syriac nouns
- Classical Syriac feminine nouns
- Classical Syriac verbs
- Classical Syriac conjunctions