ܡܕܝܢܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܕ ܘ ܢ (d w n)
7 terms

Inherited from Aramaic מְדִינְתָּא (məḏīntā), noun of place from the same root as דָּן (dān, “to judge”), denoting the place where judgement takes place; compare Turoyo ܡܕ݂ܝܬ݂ܐ (mḏiṯo) and also borrowed into Arabic مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”) and Hebrew מְדִינָה (m'diná, “state”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [məðiːttaː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [mðɪt.taː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [mədiːtaː]

Noun

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (mḏītā) f sg (plural ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏīnāṯā) or ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܹܐ (mḏīnē))

1. city (large settlement, bigger than a town)

   ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܩܘܼܪܒܵܐ ܕܬܡܵܢܸܡܐܵܐ ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܓܲܘ ܐܹܘܪܘܿܦܹܐ.

   īṯ l-qurbā d-tmānimˀā mḏīnāṯā gaw ēwrōpē.

   There are approximately eight hundred cities in Europe.

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܐ (mḏīnā)		1st person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܝܼ (mḏītī)		ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܲܢ (mḏītan)
	construct	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ (mḏīnaṯ)		2nd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܘܼܟ݂ (mḏītōḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܟ݂ܝ (mḏītāḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mḏītawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (mḏītā)		3rd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܹܗ (mḏītēh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܗ̇ (mḏītāh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܗܘܿܢ (mḏīthōn)
plural	absolute	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܢ̈ (mḏīnān)		1st person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (mḏīnāṯī)		ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (mḏīnāṯan)
	construct	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬ݂̈ (mḏīnāṯ)		2nd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (mḏīnāṯōḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (mḏīnāṯāḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬ݂ܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mḏīnāṯawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏīnāṯā)		3rd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܗ (mḏīnāṯēh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (mḏīnāṯāh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (mḏīnāṯhōn)

Hypernyms

• ܝܲܬ݂ܒܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (yaṯbūṯā, “settlement”)

Coordinate terms

• ܡܵܬ݂ܵܐ (māṯā, “village, town”), ܟܲܦܪܵܐ (kaprā, “town”), ܫܒ݂ܵܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šḇāḇūṯā, “neighbourhood”), ܡܵܚܘܿܙܵܐ (māḥōzā, “quarter”), ܠܲܩܚܵܐ (laqḥā, “suburb”), ܦܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (pnīṯā, “area, region”), ܐܘܼܚܕܵܢܵܐ (uḥdānā, “state”), ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ (aṯrā, “country”)

Derived terms

• ܒܹܝܬ݂ ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (bēṯ mḏītā, “city hall, town hall”)
• ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ ܦܘܼܪܓܵܝܵܐ (mḏīnaṯ purgāyā, “amusement park”)
• ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ ܩܘܼܕܫܵܐ (mḏīnaṯ qudšā, “Jerusalem”)
• ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏīnāyūṯā, “citizenship; municipality”)
• ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܝܵܐ (mḏīnāyā, “urban; civil”)
• ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܘܿܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏītōnīṯā, “town”)
• ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܝܲܬܝܼܪܬܵܐ (mḏītā yatīrtā, “Utopia”)
• ܥܸܣܪܲܬ݂ ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁisraṯ mḏīnāṯā, “Decapolis”)
• ܩܸܢܛܪܘܿܢ ܕܲܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (qinṭrōn damḏītā, “town centre, city center, downtown”)
• ܪܹܝܫ ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (rēš mḏītā, “mayor”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܕ ܘ ܢ; compare Arabic مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”), Hebrew מְדִינָה (məḏînâ, “state”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mə.din.tɑʔ/, [m(ə.)ˈðit.tɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [m(ə.)ˈði.ne], [m(ə.)ðiˈnɑ.θɑ] (plural)

Noun

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (məḏī[n]tā) f (plural ܡܕܝܢܬܐ or ܡܕܝܢܐ)

1. city, town

   Synonym: ܩܪܝܬܐ (qərīṯā)

2. region

   Synonym: ܩܠܝܡܐ (qəlīmā)

3. (rare) province, country

   Synonym: ܐܬܪܐ (ʾaṯrā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܕܝܢܬܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܡܕܝܢܐ		1st person	ܡܕܝܢܬܝ		ܡܕܝܢܬܢ
	construct	ܡܕܝܢܬ		2nd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܟ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܕܝܢܬܐ		3rd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܡܕܝܢܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܢ		1st person	ܡܕܝܢܬܝ ,ܡܕܝܢܝ		ܡܕܝܢܬܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܢ
	construct	ܡܕܝܢܬ ,ܡܕܝܢܝ		2nd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܟ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟܝ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܘܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ,ܡܕܝܢܐ		3rd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ ,ܡܕܝܢܘܗܝ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܗ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܗܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܝܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܡܕܝܢܝܐ (məḏīnāyā)
• ܡܕܝܢܝܘܬܐ (məḏīnāyūṯā)
• ܡܕܝܢܬܘܢܝܬܐ (məḏī[n]tōnīṯā)

Descendants

• Arabic: مَدِينَة (madīna)
  • Algerian Arabic: مدينة (mdīna)
    • → Kabyle: tamdint
  • Maltese: Mdina
  • Cypriot Arabic: mtine
  • Gulf Arabic: مَدينة (madina)
  • Moroccan Arabic: مدينة (mdīna)
    • → Tarifit: tamdint
    • → Tashelhit: tamdint
  • → Bengali: মদিনা (modina)
  • → French: médina
  • → English: medina
  • → Fogaha: tamědint
• Hebrew: מְדִינָה (m'diná, “state”)

References

• “mdynh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 5 November 2011
• Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 60b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 252b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 713b