ܫܘܦܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܫ ܘ ܦ (š w p)
3 terms

Of the noun pattern 1a23ā. Inherited from Aramaic שַׁופָּא (šawpā, “friction; polish, filling”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃɑw.pɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʃoːpɑː]

Noun

ܫܲܘܦܵܐ • (šawpā) m sg (plural ܫܲܘܦܹ̈ܐ (šawpē) or ܫܲܘܦܵܢܹ̈ܐ (šawpānē) or ܫܲܘܦܵܦܹ̈ܐ (šawpāpē))

1. concept of what results from something having made contact with another thing, loosely defined as a trace, mark, touch, or residue, even when not noticeable, traceable, or imprinted

   ܗܵܘ ܟܵܣܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܒܹܗ ܫܲܘܦܹܗ، ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܫܵܬܹܝܢ ܡܸܢܹܗ

   hāw kāsā īṯ bēh šawpēh, lā kē šātēn minnēh

   That glass has his touch, I won’t drink from it.

   ܗܵܢܵܐ ܡܵܐܢܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܒܹܗ ܫܲܘܦܵܐ ܕܒܹܝ̈ܥܹܐ ܟܲܕ݂ ܛܵܒ݂ ܩܸܡ ܡܚܲܠܠܲܬܝ ܠܹܗ

   hānā mānā īṯ bēh šawpā d-bēˁē kaḏ ṭāḇ qim mḥallat lēh

   This plate has the trace of eggs even though you washed it.

2. site, place, spot (the location of an object, person, event, or similar)

   Synonym: ܕܘܼܟܬ݂ܵܐ (dukṯā)

   ܐܲܕܥܸܪ ܠܹܗ ܒܫܲܘܦܹܗ ܐܵܕܝܼܵܐ

   adˁir lēh b-šawpēh ādīyā

   Put it back now!

   (literally, “Return it in its place now!”)

   ܬܲܪܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܓܲܘ ܫܲܘܦܵܐ ܕܦܘܼܠܚܵܢܵܐ ܘܡܲܕ݂ܪܲܫܬܵܐ.

   tarbīṯā gaw šawpā d-pulḥānā w-maḏraštā.

   Education in the workplace and schools.

   ܡܣܘܼܚܒܸܪ ܠܹܗ ܫܲܘܦܹ̈ܐ ܐܲܪ̈ܟܝܘܿܠܘܿܓ݂ܝܵܝܹܐ.

   msuḥbir lēh šawpē arkyōlōḡyāyē.

   He visited the archeological sites.

3. ellipsis of ܫܲܘܦܵܐ ܐܸܠܝܼܩܲܛܪܘܿܢܵܝܵܐ (šawpā ilīqaṭrōnāyā) website, Internet site

   ܫܲܘܦܵܐ ܕܦܪܵܣܢܵܘܠܵܐ ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܵܐ ― šawpā d-prāsnāwlā qammāyā ― the first Internet site

   ܫܲܘܦܵܐ ܪܘܼܫܡܵܝܵܐ ― šawpā rušmāyā ― the official site

4. ellipsis of ܫܲܘܦܵܐ ܕܥܲܩܠܵܐ (šawpā d-ˁaqlā) footprint

   Synonym: ܕܘܼܪܟܬ݂ܵܐ (durkṯā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܲܘܦܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	ܫܘܿܦ (šōp)		1st person	ܫܲܘܦܝܼ (šawpī)		ܫܲܘܦܲܢ (šawpan)
	construct	ܫܘܿܦ (šōp)		2nd person	ܫܲܘܦܘܼܟ݂ (šawpōḵ)	ܫܲܘܦܵܟ݂ܝ (šawpāḵ)	ܫܲܘܦܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šawpawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܲܘܦܵܐ (šawpā)		3rd person	ܫܲܘܦܹܗ (šawpēh)	ܫܲܘܦܵܗ̇ (šawpāh)	ܫܲܘܦܗܘܿܢ (šawphōn)
plural	absolute	ܫܲܘܦܝܼ̈ܢ (šawpīn)		1st person	ܫܲܘܦܝܼ̈ (šawpī)		ܫܲܘܦܲܢ̈ (šawpan)
	construct	ܫܲܘܦܲܝ̈ (šawpay)		2nd person	ܫܲܘܦܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šawpōḵ)	ܫܲܘܦܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šawpāḵ)	ܫܲܘܦܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šawpawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܲܘܦܹ̈ܐ (šawpē)		3rd person	ܫܲܘܦܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šawpūh)	ܫܲܘܦܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (šawpōh)	ܫܲܘܦܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (šawpayhōn)

Derived terms

• ܫܘܿܦ (šōp, “instead of”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܫ ܘ ܦ related to smearing. Compare Old Armenian շփեմ (špʻem), an Aramaic borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃawpɑ], [ʃofɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʃawpe], [ʃofe] (plural)

Noun

ܫܘܦܐ • (šawpā) m (plural ܫܘܦܐ)

1. friction, attrition, chafing, scratching, rubbing
2. (medicine) inflammation of the skin caused by riding or walking
3. polish, polishing, dyeing, embellishing
4. stain
5. filing, metal scrap
6. pounding
7. brooding, incubation
8. (dialectal) staff

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܘܦܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܫܘܦ		1st person	ܫܘܦܝ		ܫܘܦܢ
	construct	ܫܘܦ		2nd person	ܫܘܦܟ	ܫܘܦܟܝ	ܫܘܦܟܘܢ	ܫܘܦܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܘܦܐ		3rd person	ܫܘܦܗ	ܫܘܦܗ	ܫܘܦܗܘܢ	ܫܘܦܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܫܘܦܝܢ		1st person	ܫܘܦܝ		ܫܘܦܝܢ
	construct	ܫܘܦܝ		2nd person	ܫܘܦܝܟ	ܫܘܦܝܟܝ	ܫܘܦܝܟܘܢ	ܫܘܦܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܘܦܐ		3rd person	ܫܘܦܘܗܝ	ܫܘܦܝܗ	ܫܘܦܝܗܘܢ	ܫܘܦܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃofɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʃofe] (plural)

Noun

ܫܘܦܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܫܘܦܐ)

1. alternative form of ܐܫܘܦܐ

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܘܦܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܫܘܦ		1st person	ܫܘܦܝ		ܫܘܦܢ
	construct	ܫܘܦ		2nd person	ܫܘܦܟ	ܫܘܦܟܝ	ܫܘܦܟܘܢ	ܫܘܦܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܘܦܐ		3rd person	ܫܘܦܗ	ܫܘܦܗ	ܫܘܦܗܘܢ	ܫܘܦܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܫܘܦܝܢ		1st person	ܫܘܦܝ		ܫܘܦܝܢ
	construct	ܫܘܦܝ		2nd person	ܫܘܦܝܟ	ܫܘܦܝܟܝ	ܫܘܦܝܟܘܢ	ܫܘܦܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܘܦܐ		3rd person	ܫܘܦܘܗܝ	ܫܘܦܝܗ	ܫܘܦܝܗܘܢ	ܫܘܦܝܗܝܢ

References

• “šwp”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 363b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 567a–b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 1533a