नर

See also: नीर, नारी, नारा, नरों, नरो, and Appendix:Variations of "nar"

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /nəɾ/, [nɐɾ]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit नर (nára).

Noun

नर • (nar) m (Urdu spelling نر)

1. man, male

Declension

Declension of नर (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	नर nar	नर nar
oblique	नर nar	नरों narõ
vocative	नर nar	नरो naro

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian نر (nar). Cognate with Sanskrit नर (nara).

Adjective

नर • (nar) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling نر)

1. male, masculine

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “नर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नर (nara).

Adjective

नर • (nar)

1. male, masculine

Noun

नर • (nar) m

1. man, male (especially in organisms)

   Antonym: मादी (mādī) (by gender)

Declension

Declension of नर (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	नर nar
direct plural	नर nar
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	नर nar		नर nar
oblique सामान्यरूप	नरा narā		नरां- narān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	नराला narālā		नरांना narānnā
ergative	नराने, नरानं narāne, narāna		नरांनी narānnī
instrumental	नराशी narāśī		नरांशी narānśī
locative सप्तमी	नरात narāt		नरांत narāt
vocative संबोधन	नरा narā		नरांनो narānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of नर (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	नराचा narāċā	नराचे narāċe	नराची narācī	नराच्या narācā	नराचे, नराचं narāċe, narāċa	नराची narācī	नराच्या narācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	नरांचा narānċā	नरांचे narānċe	नरांची narāñcī	नरांच्या narāncā	नरांचे, नरांचं narānċe, narānċa	नरांची narāñcī	नरांच्या narāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “नर”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “नर”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911), “नर”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• nara (Latin script)
• 𑀦𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• নর (Bengali script)
• නර (Sinhalese script)
• နရ or ၼရ (Burmese script)
• นร or นะระ (Thai script)
• ᨶᩁ (Tai Tham script)
• ນຣ or ນະຣະ (Lao script)
• នរ (Khmer script)
• 𑄚𑄢 (Chakma script)

Noun

नर m

1. man (generic), person
2. man (adult human male)

Declension

Declension table of "नर" (masculine)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	नरो (naro)	नरा (narā)
Accusative (second)	नरं (naraṃ)	नरे (nare)
Instrumental (third)	नरेन (narena)	नरेहि (narehi) or नरेभि (narebhi)
Dative (fourth)	नरस्स (narassa) or नराय (narāya) or नरत्थं (naratthaṃ)	नरानं (narānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	नरस्मा (narasmā) or नरम्हा (naramhā) or नरा (narā)	नरेहि (narehi) or नरेभि (narebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	नरस्स (narassa)	नरानं (narānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	नरस्मिं (narasmiṃ) or नरम्हि (naramhi) or नरे (nare)	नरेसु (naresu)
Vocative (calling)	नर (nara)	नरा (narā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• নৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬦᬭ (Balinese script)
• নর (Bengali script)
• 𑰡𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀦𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• နရ (Burmese script)
• નર (Gujarati script)
• ਨਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌨𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦤꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂢𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ನರ (Kannada script)
• នរ (Khmer script)
• ນຣ (Lao script)
• നര (Malayalam script)
• ᠨᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘡𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠨᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧁𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐣𑐬 (Newa script)
• ନର (Odia script)
• ꢥꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆤𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖡𑖨 (Siddham script)
• නර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩯𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚝𑚤 (Takri script)
• நர (Tamil script)
• నర (Telugu script)
• นร (Thai script)
• ན་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒢𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨝𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Adapted to the regular a-stem declension from earlier r-stem noun नृ (nṛ́), which is inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hnā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀνήρ (anḗr), Persian نر (nar), Old Armenian այր (ayr).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /nɐ́.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /n̪ɐ.ɾɐ/

Noun

नर॑ • (nára) stem, m

1. a human, a person, a man (generic)
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.154.5:

     तद॑स्य प्रि॒यम॒भि पाथो॑ अश्यां॒ नरो॒ यत्र॑ देव॒यवो॒ मद॑न्ति।
     उ॒रु॒क्र॒मस्य॒ स हि बन्धु॑रि॒त्था विष्णोः॑ प॒दे प॑र॒मे मध्व॒ उत्सः॑॥

     tádasya priyámabhí pā́tho aśyāṃ náro yátra devayávo mádanti.
     urukramásya sá hí bándhuritthā́ víṣṇoḥ padé paramé mádhva útsaḥ.

     Might I reach that dear cattle-pen of his, where men seeking the gods find elation, for exactly that is the bond to the wide-striding one: the wellspring of mead in the highest step of Viṣṇu.

2. a male person
3. a husband
4. a hero
5. a man or piece at chess or draughts
6. the pin or gnomon of a sun-dial
7. the primeval Man or eternal Spirit pervading the universe

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of नर॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	नरः॑ (náraḥ)	नरौ॑ (nárau) नरा॑¹ (nárā¹)	नराः॑ (nárāḥ) नरा॑सः¹ (nárāsaḥ¹)
accusative	नर॑म् (náram)	नरौ॑ (nárau) नरा॑¹ (nárā¹)	नरा॑न् (nárān)
instrumental	नरे॑ण (náreṇa)	नरा॑भ्याम् (nárābhyām)	नरैः॑ (náraiḥ) नरे॑भिः¹ (nárebhiḥ¹)
dative	नरा॑य (nárāya)	नरा॑भ्याम् (nárābhyām)	नरे॑भ्यः (nárebhyaḥ)
ablative	नरा॑त् (nárāt)	नरा॑भ्याम् (nárābhyām)	नरे॑भ्यः (nárebhyaḥ)
genitive	नर॑स्य (nárasya)	नर॑योः (nárayoḥ)	नरा॑णाम् (nárāṇām)
locative	नरे॑ (náre)	नर॑योः (nárayoḥ)	नरे॑षु (náreṣu)
vocative	नर॑ (nára)	नरौ॑ (nárau) नरा॑¹ (nárā¹)	नराः॑ (nárāḥ) नरा॑सः¹ (nárāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀭 (ṇara)
• Pali: nara
  • → Khmer: នរ (nɔɔ)
  • → Thai: นร (nɔɔ-rá-)
• → Hindi: नर (nar)
• → Urdu: نر
• → Old Javanese: nara
  • → Balinese: nara
  • → Malay: nara
    • → Indonesian: nara, nara-
• → Marathi: नर (nar)
• → Kannada: ನರ (nara)
• → Tamil: நரன் (naraṉ)
• → Telugu: నరుడు (naruḍu)
• → Malayalam: നരൻ (naraṉ)
• → Bengali: নর (nor)

References

• “न॑र” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 262, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “नर”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 137
• Monier Williams (1899), “नर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 528, column 3.
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 455
• Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “nara”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead