पुरुष

See also: परुष

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुरुष (púruṣa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /pʊ.ɾʊʂ/, [pʊ.ɾʊʃ]

Noun

पुरुष • (puruṣ) m (Urdu spelling پرش)

1. man, male

   यह स्नानघर केवल पुरुषों के लिए है।

   yah snānghar keval puruṣõ ke lie hai.

   This bathroom is for men only.

   पुरुष की तरह लड़ो!

   puruṣ kī tarah laṛo!

   Fight like a man!

2. person

   अनेक पुरुष भवन के बाहर हैं‌।

   anek puruṣ bhavan ke bāhar ha͠i‌.

   Many persons are outside the building.

Synonyms

• (man): मर्द (mard)
• आदमी (ādmī)

Also see Thesaurus:मनुष्य.

Antonyms

• स्त्री (strī)

Related terms

• तत्पुरुष (tatpuruṣ)

References

• McGregor, R.S, ed. The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, Oxford university press. 1993
• Platts, John Thompson. A dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1884. [1]

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Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुरुष (puruṣa)

Noun

पुरुष • (puruṣ) m

1. man, male
2. person

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “पुरुष”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “पुरुष”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

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Sanskrit

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pú.ɾu.ʂɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpu.ɾu.ʂɐ/

Noun

पुरुष • (púruṣa) stem, m

1. man, male, human being
2. person, officer, functionary, attendant, servant
3. friend
4. a follower of Samkhya
5. a member or representative of a race or generation
6. the height or measure of a man
7. the pupil of the eye
8. the primaeval man as the soul and original source of the universe
9. the personal and animating principle in men and other beings, the soul or spirit
10. the Supreme Being or Soul of the universe
11. the Spirit as passive and a spectator of the creative force (prakṛti)
12. the "spirit" or fragrant exhalation of plants
13. name of the divine or active principles from the minute portions of which the universe was formed
14. name of a metrical foot in the mahanamni verses
15. name of the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th signs of the zodiac
16. name of one of the 18 attendants of the sun L.
17. name of the Brahmans of the Krauncha or "mountain" dvipa
18. , probably

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पुरुष
Nom. sg.	पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ)
Gen. sg.	पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ)	पुरुषौ (puruṣau)	पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ)
Vocative	पुरुष (puruṣa)	पुरुषौ (puruṣau)	पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ)
Accusative	पुरुषम् (puruṣam)	पुरुषौ (puruṣau)	पुरुषान् (puruṣān)
Instrumental	पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa)	पुरुषाभ्याम् (puruṣābhyām)	पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ)
Dative	पुरुषाय (puruṣāya)	पुरुषाभ्याम् (puruṣābhyām)	पुरुषेभ्यः (puruṣebhyaḥ)
Ablative	पुरुषात् (puruṣāt)	पुरुषाभ्याम् (puruṣābhyām)	पुरुषेभ्यः (puruṣebhyaḥ)
Genitive	पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya)	पुरुषयोः (puruṣayoḥ)	पुरुषाणाम् (puruṣāṇām)
Locative	पुरुषे (puruṣe)	पुरुषयोः (puruṣayoḥ)	पुरुषेषु (puruṣeṣu)

Descendants

• • Kalasha: púruṣ
• Pali: purisa
• → Assamese: পুৰুষ (purux)
• → Bengali: পুরুষ (puruś)
• → Gujarati: પુરુષ (puruṣ)
• → Hindi: पुरुष (puruṣ)
• → Kannada: ಪುರುಷ (puruṣa)
• → Khmer: ប្រុស (proh)
• → Lao: ບຸຣຸດ (bu rut)
• → Marathi: पुरुष (puruṣ)
• → Telugu: పురుషుడు (puruṣuḍu)
• → Thai: บุรุษ (bù-rùt)

References

• Cappeller, Carl A Sanskrit-English dictionary Bostin, Ginn and Co., 1891.