राम

See also: रोम, रमा, रामा, रूम, रम, and रमी

Hindi

Hindi Wikipedia has an article on:

राम

Wikipedia ^hi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit राम (rāma).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɾɑːm/, [ɾä̃ːm]
Audio: (file)

Proper noun

राम • (rām) m (Urdu spelling رام)

(Hinduism) Rama
राम राम ― rām rām ― hello (among Hindus)
a male given name from Sanskrit

Declension

Declension of *राम* (sg-only masc cons-stem)
	singular
direct	राम rām
oblique	राम rām
vocative	राम rām

Derived terms

References

More information

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “राम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “राम”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
Bahri, Hardev (1989), “राम”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “राम”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
Hardev Bahri (2013), “राम”, in राजपाल हिंदी शब्दकोश [rājpāl hindī śabdakoś, Rajpal Hindi Dictionary], Rajpal and Sons, →ISBN

“राम”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
Platts, John T. (1884), “राम”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi

Marathi Wikipedia has an article on:

राम

Wikipedia ^mr

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘨𑘰𑘦 (rāma), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀭𑀸𑀫 (rāma), from Sanskrit राम (rāma).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɾam/
Rhymes: -am
Hyphenation: राम

Proper noun

राम • (rām) m

(Hinduism) Rāma, the seventh avatar of Lord Vishnu.
Synonyms: रामचंद्र (rāmcandra), राघव (rāghav), रघुनाथ (raghunāth), रघुनंदन (raghunandan), कौशल्यानंदन (kauśalyānandan)
a male given name from Sanskrit

Declension

Declension of राम (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	राम rām
direct plural	राम rām
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	राम rām	राम rām
oblique सामान्यरूप	रामा rāmā	रामां- rāmān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	रामाला rāmālā	रामांना rāmānnā
ergative	रामाने, रामानं rāmāne, rāmāna	रामांनी rāmānnī
instrumental	रामाशी rāmāśī	रामांशी rāmānśī
locative सप्तमी	रामात rāmāt	रामांत rāmāt
vocative संबोधन	रामा rāmā	रामांनो rāmānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of राम (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	रामाचा rāmāċā	रामाचे rāmāċe	रामाची rāmācī	रामाच्या rāmācā	रामाचे, रामाचं rāmāċe, rāmāċa	रामाची rāmācī	रामाच्या rāmācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	रामांचा rāmānċā	रामांचे rāmānċe	रामांची rāmāñcī	रामांच्या rāmāncā	रामांचे, रामांचं rāmānċe, rāmānċa	रामांची rāmāñcī	रामांच्या rāmāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

जय श्री राम (jay śrī rām)
रामप्रहर (rāmaprahar)
रामफळ (rāmphaḷ)
रामबाण (rāmbāṇ)
रामराज्य (rāmrājya)
रामराम (rāmrām)

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “राम”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “राम”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

rāma (Latin script)
𑀭𑀸𑀫 (Brahmi script)
রাম (Bengali script)
රාම (Sinhalese script)
ရာမ or ရႃမ (Burmese script)
ราม or รามะ (Thai script)
ᩁᩣᨾ (Tai Tham script)
ຣາມ or ຣາມະ (Lao script)
រាម (Khmer script)
𑄢𑄂𑄟 (Chakma script)

Noun

राम m

Devanagari script form of rāma (“delight”)

Declension

Declension table of "राम" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	रामो (rāmo)	रामा (rāmā)
Accusative (second)	रामं (rāmaṃ)	रामे (rāme)
Instrumental (third)	रामेन (rāmena)	रामेहि (rāmehi) or रामेभि (rāmebhi)
Dative (fourth)	रामस्स (rāmassa) or रामाय (rāmāya) or रामत्थं (rāmatthaṃ)	रामानं (rāmānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	रामस्मा (rāmasmā) or रामम्हा (rāmamhā) or रामा (rāmā)	रामेहि (rāmehi) or रामेभि (rāmebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	रामस्स (rāmassa)	रामानं (rāmānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	रामस्मिं (rāmasmiṃ) or रामम्हि (rāmamhi) or रामे (rāme)	रामेसु (rāmesu)
Vocative (calling)	राम (rāma)	रामा (rāmā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ৰাম (Assamese script)
ᬭᬵᬫ (Balinese script)
রাম (Bengali script)
𑰨𑰯𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀭𑀸𑀫 (Brahmi script)
ရာမ (Burmese script)
રામ (Gujarati script)
ਰਾਮ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌰𑌾𑌮 (Grantha script)
ꦫꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
𑂩𑂰𑂧 (Kaithi script)
ರಾಮ (Kannada script)
រាម (Khmer script)
ຣາມ (Lao script)
രാമ (Malayalam script)
ᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘨𑘰𑘦 (Modi script)
ᠷᠠᢗᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧈𑧑𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
𑐬𑐵𑐩 (Newa script)
ରାମ (Odia script)
ꢬꢵꢪ (Saurashtra script)
𑆫𑆳𑆩 (Sharada script)
𑖨𑖯𑖦 (Siddham script)
රාම (Sinhalese script)
𑩼𑩛𑩴 (Soyombo script)
𑚤𑚭𑚢 (Takri script)
ராம (Tamil script)
రామ (Telugu script)
ราม (Thai script)
རཱ་མ (Tibetan script)
𑒩𑒰𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
𑨫𑨊𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Unknown; possibly related to Old English rōmiġ (“sooty”), presuming Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁-mó-s.^[1]^[2] Sir Monier Monier-Williams considers it to be a derivation from रम् (ram, “to enjoy; to stay”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɑː.mɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɾɑː.mɐ/

Adjective

रा॒म • (rāmá) stem

dark, dark-coloured, black (compare रात्रि (rātri))
white (?)
pleasing, pleasant, charming, lovely, beautiful

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of रा॒म
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	रा॒मः (rāmáḥ)	रा॒मौ (rāmáu) रा॒मा¹ (rāmā́¹)	रा॒माः (rāmā́ḥ) रा॒मासः॑¹ (rāmā́saḥ¹)
accusative	रा॒मम् (rāmám)	रा॒मौ (rāmáu) रा॒मा¹ (rāmā́¹)	रा॒मान् (rāmā́n)
instrumental	रा॒मेण॑ (rāméṇa)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒मैः (rāmáiḥ) रा॒मेभिः॑¹ (rāmébhiḥ¹)
dative	रा॒माय॑ (rāmā́ya)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒मेभ्यः॑ (rāmébhyaḥ)
ablative	रा॒मात् (rāmā́t)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒मेभ्यः॑ (rāmébhyaḥ)
genitive	रा॒मस्य॑ (rāmásya)	रा॒मयोः॑ (rāmáyoḥ)	रा॒माणा॑म् (rāmā́ṇām)
locative	रा॒मे (rāmé)	रा॒मयोः॑ (rāmáyoḥ)	रा॒मेषु॑ (rāméṣu)
vocative	राम॑ (rā́ma)	रामौ॑ (rā́mau) रामा॑¹ (rā́mā¹)	रामाः॑ (rā́māḥ) रामा॑सः¹ (rā́māsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of रा॒मा
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	रा॒मा (rāmā́)	रा॒मे (rāmé)	रा॒माः (rāmā́ḥ)
accusative	रा॒माम् (rāmā́m)	रा॒मे (rāmé)	रा॒माः (rāmā́ḥ)
instrumental	रा॒मया॑ (rāmáyā) रा॒मा¹ (rāmā́¹)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒माभिः॑ (rāmā́bhiḥ)
dative	रा॒मायै॑ (rāmā́yai)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒माभ्यः॑ (rāmā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	रा॒मायाः॑ (rāmā́yāḥ) रा॒मायै॑² (rāmā́yai²)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒माभ्यः॑ (rāmā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	रा॒मायाः॑ (rāmā́yāḥ) रा॒मायै॑² (rāmā́yai²)	रा॒मयोः॑ (rāmáyoḥ)	रा॒माणा॑म् (rāmā́ṇām)
locative	रा॒माया॑म् (rāmā́yām)	रा॒मयोः॑ (rāmáyoḥ)	रा॒मासु॑ (rāmā́su)
vocative	रामे॑ (rā́me)	रामे॑ (rā́me)	रामाः॑ (rā́māḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of रा॒म
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	रा॒मम् (rāmám)	रा॒मे (rāmé)	रा॒माणि॑ (rāmā́ṇi) रा॒मा¹ (rāmā́¹)
accusative	रा॒मम् (rāmám)	रा॒मे (rāmé)	रा॒माणि॑ (rāmā́ṇi) रा॒मा¹ (rāmā́¹)
instrumental	रा॒मेण॑ (rāméṇa)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒मैः (rāmáiḥ) रा॒मेभिः॑¹ (rāmébhiḥ¹)
dative	रा॒माय॑ (rāmā́ya)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒मेभ्यः॑ (rāmébhyaḥ)
ablative	रा॒मात् (rāmā́t)	रा॒माभ्या॑म् (rāmā́bhyām)	रा॒मेभ्यः॑ (rāmébhyaḥ)
genitive	रा॒मस्य॑ (rāmásya)	रा॒मयोः॑ (rāmáyoḥ)	रा॒माणा॑म् (rāmā́ṇām)
locative	रा॒मे (rāmé)	रा॒मयोः॑ (rāmáyoḥ)	रा॒मेषु॑ (rāméṣu)
vocative	राम॑ (rā́ma)	रामे॑ (rā́me)	रामा॑णि (rā́māṇi) रामा॑¹ (rā́mā¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

राम • (rāma) stem, m

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of राम
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	रामः (rāmaḥ)	रामौ (rāmau) रामा¹ (rāmā¹)	रामाः (rāmāḥ) रामासः¹ (rāmāsaḥ¹)
accusative	रामम् (rāmam)	रामौ (rāmau) रामा¹ (rāmā¹)	रामान् (rāmān)
instrumental	रामेण (rāmeṇa)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामैः (rāmaiḥ) रामेभिः¹ (rāmebhiḥ¹)
dative	रामाय (rāmāya)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामेभ्यः (rāmebhyaḥ)
ablative	रामात् (rāmāt)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामेभ्यः (rāmebhyaḥ)
genitive	रामस्य (rāmasya)	रामयोः (rāmayoḥ)	रामाणाम् (rāmāṇām)
locative	रामे (rāme)	रामयोः (rāmayoḥ)	रामेषु (rāmeṣu)
vocative	राम (rāma)	रामौ (rāmau) रामा¹ (rāmā¹)	रामाः (rāmāḥ) रामासः¹ (rāmāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

राम • (rāma) stem, n

same meanings as masculine gender
the leaf of Laurus cassia
Chenopodium album
= कुष्ठ (kuṣṭha)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of राम
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	रामम् (rāmam)	रामे (rāme)	रामाणि (rāmāṇi) रामा¹ (rāmā¹)
accusative	रामम् (rāmam)	रामे (rāme)	रामाणि (rāmāṇi) रामा¹ (rāmā¹)
instrumental	रामेण (rāmeṇa)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामैः (rāmaiḥ) रामेभिः¹ (rāmebhiḥ¹)
dative	रामाय (rāmāya)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामेभ्यः (rāmebhyaḥ)
ablative	रामात् (rāmāt)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामेभ्यः (rāmebhyaḥ)
genitive	रामस्य (rāmasya)	रामयोः (rāmayoḥ)	रामाणाम् (rāmāṇām)
locative	रामे (rāme)	रामयोः (rāmayoḥ)	रामेषु (rāmeṣu)
vocative	राम (rāma)	रामे (rāme)	रामाणि (rāmāṇi) रामा¹ (rāmā¹)

¹Vedic

Proper noun

राम • (rāma) stem, m

(Hinduism) Rāma, son of Dasharatha and Kausalya, an avatar of Vishnu.
Synonyms: दाशरथ (dāśaratha), पीताम्बर (pītāmbara), राघव (rāghava)
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 1.29.24:
  अद्य गच्छामहे राम सिद्धाश्रममनुत्तमम्।
  तदाश्रमपदं तात तवाप्येतद्यथा मम॥
  adya gacchāmahe rāma siddhāśramamanuttamam.
  tadāśramapadaṃ tāta tavāpyetadyathā mama.
  O Rāma, now let's go to the unparalleled Siddhashrama.
  O child this asrama is the same to you as it is to me (treat this as your own).
an epithet of Varuna
name of various mythical personages in the Vedas.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of राम
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	रामः (rāmaḥ)	रामौ (rāmau)	रामाः (rāmāḥ)
accusative	रामम् (rāmam)	रामौ (rāmau)	रामान् (rāmān)
instrumental	रामेण (rāmeṇa)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामैः (rāmaiḥ)
dative	रामाय (rāmāya)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामेभ्यः (rāmebhyaḥ)
ablative	रामात् (rāmāt)	रामाभ्याम् (rāmābhyām)	रामेभ्यः (rāmebhyaḥ)
genitive	रामस्य (rāmasya)	रामयोः (rāmayoḥ)	रामाणाम् (rāmāṇām)
locative	रामे (rāme)	रामयोः (rāmayoḥ)	रामेषु (rāmeṣu)
vocative	राम (rāma)	रामौ (rāmau)	रामाः (rāmāḥ)

Derived terms

रामकिर्ति (rāmakirti)
रामचन्द्र (rāmacandra)
रामदास (rāmadāsa)
रामदूत (rāmadūta)
रामनवमी (rāmanavamī)
रामराज्य (rāmarājya)
रामलीला (rāmalīlā)
रामसेतु (rāmasetu)
रामा (rāmā)
रामानुज (rāmānuja)
रामायण (rāmāyaṇa)
संघाराम (saṃghārāma)

Descendants

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀸𑀫 (rāma)
- Old Marathi: 𑘨𑘰𑘦 (rāma)
  - Marathi: राम (rām)
→ Bengali: রাম (ram)
→ Burmese: ရာမ (rama.)
→ Chinese: 羅摩 / 罗摩 (Luómó)
→ Hindi: राम (rām)
→ Kannada: ರಾಮ (rāma)
→ Khmer: រាម (riəm)
→ Lao: ຣາມ (rām)
→ Malay: Rama
→ Malayalam: രാമൻ (rāmaṉ), രാമ (rāma), രാം (rāṁ), റാം (ṟāṁ)
→ Nepali: राम (rām)
→ Old Javanese: rāma
- Javanese: ꦫꦩ (rama)
  - → Indonesian: rama, romo (semantic loan)
- → Balinese: ᬭᬵᬫ (rama)
→ Odia: ରାମ (rāma)
→ Punjabi: ਰਾਮ (rām)
→ Sinhalese: රාම (rāma)
→ Tamil: இராமர் (irāmar)
→ Telugu: రాముఁడు (rāmun̆ḍu)
→ Thai: ราม (raam)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “rāmá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 449
^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*rēmós”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 160

Monier Williams (1899), “राम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 877, column 1.

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “rāmá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 449

[2] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*rēmós”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 160

[1]

[2]