शब्द

See also: शब्दो and शब्दों

Hindi

Etymology

From Sanskrit शब्द (śabda). Doublet of साद (sād).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃəbd̪/

Noun

शब्द • (śabd) m (Urdu spelling شبد‎)

1. word, term

   यह शब्द हिन्दी में काफी प्रयुक्त होता है।

   yah śabd hindī mẽ kāphī prayukt hotā hai.

   This word is used a lot in Hindi.

   Synonyms: बोल (bol), लफ़्ज़ (lafz)

2. sound

   झरनों का धीमा शब्द जंगल में गूँजता।

   jharnõ kā dhīmā śabd jaṅgal mẽ gū̃jtā.

   The soft sound of springs echoes through the forest.

   Synonym: ध्वनि (dhvani)

Declension

Declension of शब्द
	Singular	Plural
Direct	शब्द (śabd)	शब्द (śabd)
Oblique	शब्द (śabd)	शब्दों (śabdõ)
Vocative	शब्द (śabd)	शब्दो (śabdo)

Derived terms

• शब्दकोश (śabdakoś)
• शब्दकार (śabdakār)
• शब्दवीर (śabdavīr)
• शब्दहीन (śabdahīn)
  • शब्दहीनता (śabdahīntā)
• शब्दानुवाद (śabdānuvād)

Related terms

• शाब्दिक (śābdik)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “शब्द”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons

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Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शब्द (śabda).

Noun

शब्द • (śabd) m

1. word
2. sound

References

• Maxine Berntsen (1982-1983), “शब्द”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• James Thomas Molesworth (1857), “शब्द”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911), “शब्द”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

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Sanskrit

Etymology

Probably from शपति (śapati, “to curse; swear”).

Noun

शब्द • (śábda) m

1. sound, noise, voice, tone, note
2. a word
3. speech, language
4. the right word, correct expression
5. the sacred syllable Om
6. (grammar) a declinable word or a word-termination, affix
7. a name, appellation, title
8. a technical term
9. verbal communication or testimony, oral tradition, verbal authority or evidence

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शब्द
Nom. sg.	शब्दः (śabdaḥ)
Gen. sg.	शब्दस्य (śabdasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शब्दः (śabdaḥ)	शब्दौ (śabdau)	शब्दाः (śabdāḥ)
Vocative	शब्द (śabda)	शब्दौ (śabdau)	शब्दाः (śabdāḥ)
Accusative	शब्दम् (śabdam)	शब्दौ (śabdau)	शब्दान् (śabdān)
Instrumental	शब्देन (śabdena)	शब्दाभ्याम् (śabdābhyām)	शब्दैः (śabdaiḥ)
Dative	शब्दाय (śabdāya)	शब्दाभ्याम् (śabdābhyām)	शब्देभ्यः (śabdebhyaḥ)
Ablative	शब्दात् (śabdāt)	शब्दाभ्याम् (śabdābhyām)	शब्देभ्यः (śabdebhyaḥ)
Genitive	शब्दस्य (śabdasya)	शब्दयोः (śabdayoḥ)	शब्दानाम् (śabdānām)
Locative	शब्दे (śabde)	शब्दयोः (śabdayoḥ)	शब्देषु (śabdeṣu)

Descendants

• Kannada: ಶಬ್ದ (śabda)
• Malay: sabda
• Pali: sadda
  • Burmese: သဒ္ဒါ (sadda)
• Tamil: சத்தம் (cattam)
• Telugu: శబ్దం (śabdaṃ)
• Thai: ศัพท์ (sàp)

References

• Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 1052
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 296