शर

See also: शुरू, शेर, and श्र

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शर (śara).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕəɾ/

Noun

शर • (śar) m

1. arrow

   Synonyms: बाण (bāṇ), तीर (tīr)

Declension

Declension of शर (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	शर śar
direct plural	शर śar
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	शर śar		शर śar
oblique सामान्यरूप	शरा śarā		शरां- śarān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	शराला śarālā		शरांना śarānnā
ergative	शराने, शरानं śarāne, śarāna		शरांनी śarānnī
instrumental	शराशी śarāśī		शरांशी śarānśī
locative सप्तमी	शरात śarāt		शरांत śarāt
vocative संबोधन	शरा śarā		शरांनो śarānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of शर (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	शराचा śarāċā	शराचे śarāċe	शराची śarācī	शराच्या śarācā	शराचे, शराचं śarāċe, śarāċa	शराची śarācī	शराच्या śarācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	शरांचा śarānċā	शरांचे śarānċe	शरांची śarāñcī	शरांच्या śarāncā	शरांचे, शरांचं śarānċe, śarānċa	शरांची śarāñcī	शरांच्या śarāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “शर”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬭ (Balinese script)
• শর (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ၐရ (Burmese script)
• શર (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಶರ (Kannada script)
• ឝរ (Khmer script)
• ຨຣ (Lao script)
• ശര (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଶର (Odia script)
• ꢯꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖨 (Siddham script)
• ශර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚤 (Takri script)
• ஶர (Tamil script)
• శర (Telugu script)
• ศร (Thai script)
• ཤ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root शॄ (śṝ).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɐ/

Noun

श॒र • (śará) stem, m

1. a sort of reed or grass (Tripidium bengalense, syn. Saccharum sara), used for arrows
2. an arrow, shaft
   • Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad 2.2.4:

     प्रणवो धनुः शरो ह्यात्मा ब्रह्म तल्लक्ष्यमुच्यते ।
     अप्रमत्तेन वेद्धव्यं शरवत्तन्मयो भवेत् ॥

     praṇavo dhanuḥ śaro hyātmā brahma tallakṣyamucyate.
     apramattena veddhavyaṃ śaravattanmayo bhavet.

     OM is the bow, the Atman is the arrow and the Brahman is said to be its mark.
     It should he hit by one who is self-collected and that which hits becomes, like the arrow, one with the mark.

3. name of the number "five" (from the 5 arrows of kāmadeva)
4. (astronomy) the versed sine of an arc
5. a particular configuration of stars (when all the planets are in the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th houses)
6. the upper part of cream or slightly curdled milk
7. mischief, injury, hurt, a wound

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श॒र

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	श॒रः (śaráḥ)	श॒रौ (śaráu) श॒रा¹ (śarā́¹)	श॒राः (śarā́ḥ) श॒रासः॑¹ (śarā́saḥ¹)
accusative	श॒रम् (śarám)	श॒रौ (śaráu) श॒रा¹ (śarā́¹)	श॒रान् (śarā́n)
instrumental	श॒रेण॑ (śaréṇa)	श॒राभ्या॑म् (śarā́bhyām)	श॒रैः (śaráiḥ) श॒रेभिः॑¹ (śarébhiḥ¹)
dative	श॒राय॑ (śarā́ya)	श॒राभ्या॑म् (śarā́bhyām)	श॒रेभ्यः॑ (śarébhyaḥ)
ablative	श॒रात् (śarā́t)	श॒राभ्या॑म् (śarā́bhyām)	श॒रेभ्यः॑ (śarébhyaḥ)
genitive	श॒रस्य॑ (śarásya)	श॒रयोः॑ (śaráyoḥ)	श॒राणा॑म् (śarā́ṇām)
locative	श॒रे (śaré)	श॒रयोः॑ (śaráyoḥ)	श॒रेषु॑ (śaréṣu)
vocative	शर॑ (śára)	शरौ॑ (śárau) शरा॑¹ (śárā¹)	शराः॑ (śárāḥ) शरा॑सः¹ (śárāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• → Marathi: शर (śar)
• → Old Javanese: śara (“grass, reed; arrow; shaft”)
  • Javanese: sara (“arrow”)
  • → Balinese: sara (“arrow”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “शर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1056.