शाखा

See also: शंख and शिखा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शाखा (śā́khā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃɑː.kʰɑː/, [ʃäː.kʰäː]

Noun

शाखा • (śākhā) f

1. branch, field of study

   ज्यामिति गणित की एक शाखा है।

   jyāmiti gaṇit kī ek śākhā hai.

   Geometry is but one branch of mathematics.

2. sect, school; shakha
3. tributary (of a river)

   Synonyms: उपनदी (upandī), सहायक नदी (sahāyak nadī)

4. branch (of a business)

Declension

Declension of शाखा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	शाखा śākhā	शाखाएँ śākhāẽ
oblique	शाखा śākhā	शाखाओं śākhāõ
vocative	शाखा śākhā	शाखाओ śākhāo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “शाखा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 947

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬰᬵᬔᬵ (Balinese script)
• শাখা (Assamese script)
• শাখা (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰯𑰏𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀸𑀔𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌶𑌾𑌖𑌾 (Grantha script)
• શાખા (Gujarati script)
• ꦯꦴꦑꦴ (Javanese script)
• ឝាខា (Khmer script)
• ಶಾಖಾ (Kannada script)
• ຨາຂາ (Lao script)
• 𑘫𑘰𑘏𑘰 (Modi script)
• ၐာခါ (Burmese script)
• 𑧋𑧑𑦯𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐵𑐏𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଶାଖା (Oriya script)
• ꢯꢵꢓꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆳𑆒𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖯𑖏𑖯 (Siddham script)
• శాఖా (Telugu script)
• ศาขา (Thai script)
• ཤཱཁཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒰𑒐𑒰 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śā́kʰaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćā́kʰaH, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱókh₂eh₂ (“branch”). Cognate with Persian شاخ‎ (šâx, “branch”), Old Armenian ցախ (cʿax, “branch, twig”), Lithuanian šakà (“branch”), Gothic 𐌷𐍉𐌷𐌰 (hōha, “plough”), Old East Slavic соха (soxa, “stake, club, brace, plough”), Old Irish géc (“branch”).

Noun

शाखा • (śā́khā) f

1. branch (literally and figuratively)
   • RV 7.43.1

     पर वो यज्ञेषु देवयन्तो अर्चन दयावा नमोभिः परिथिवी इषध्यै |

     येषां बरह्माण्यसमानि विप्रा विष्वग वियन्ति वनिनो न शाखाः ||

     pra vo yajñeṣu devayanto arcan dyāvā namobhiḥ prithivī iṣadhyai |

     yeṣāṃ brahmāṇyasamāni viprā viṣvagh viyanti vanino na śākhāḥ ||

     SING out the pious at your sacrifices to move with adorations Earth and Heaven-

     The Holy Singers, whose unmatched devotions, like a tree's branches, part in all directions.

2. a limb of the body, arm or leg
3. finger
4. the surface of the body
5. a door-post (compare द्वारशाखा (dvāra-śākhā))
6. the wing of a building
7. division, subdivision
8. the third part of an astrological संहिता (saṃhitā) (also शाखास्कन्ध (śākhā-skandha), m.)
9. shakha: a branch or school of the Veda (each school adhering to its own traditional text and interpretation)
10. a branch of any science
11. = पाक्षान्तर (pā-kṣā-ntara)
12. = अन्तिक (antika)

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of शाखा
Nom. sg.	शाखा (śākhā)
Gen. sg.	शाखायाः (śākhāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शाखा (śākhā)	शाखे (śākhe)	शाखाः (śākhāḥ)
Vocative	शाखे (śākhe)	शाखे (śākhe)	शाखाः (śākhāḥ)
Accusative	शाखाम् (śākhām)	शाखे (śākhe)	शाखाः (śākhāḥ)
Instrumental	शाखया (śākhayā)	शाखाभ्याम् (śākhābhyām)	शाखाभिः (śākhābhiḥ)
Dative	शाखायै (śākhāyai)	शाखाभ्याम् (śākhābhyām)	शाखाभ्यः (śākhābhyaḥ)
Ablative	शाखायाः (śākhāyāḥ)	शाखाभ्याम् (śākhābhyām)	शाखाभ्यः (śākhābhyaḥ)
Genitive	शाखायाः (śākhāyāḥ)	शाखयोः (śākhayoḥ)	शाखानाम् (śākhānām)
Locative	शाखायाम् (śākhāyām)	शाखयोः (śākhayoḥ)	शाखासु (śākhāsu)

Descendants

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸 (sāhā)
• Pali: sākhā
  • → Khmer: សាខា (saakhaa)
  • → Lao: ສາຂາ (sā khā)
  • → Thai: สาขา (sǎa-kǎa)
• → Balinese: ᬰᬵᬓᬵ (saka)
• → English: shakha
• → Gujarati: શાખા (śākhā)
• → Hindi: शाखा (śākhā)
• → Marathi: शाखा (śākhā)
• → Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘰𑘬𑘰 (sāṣā)
• → Punjabi: ਸ਼ਾਖਾ (śākhā)
• → Telugu: శాఖ (śākha)
• → Tamil: சாகை (cākai)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “शाखा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1062.