กรุณา
Thai
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Pali karuṇā (“compassion; mercy; clemency; etc”), from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “idem”); perhaps via Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 2 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.. Cognate with Modern Khmer ករុណា (kaʼrunaa), Old Javanese karuṇā, Lao ກະລຸນາ (ka lu nā).
Pronunciation
| Orthographic | กรุณา k r u ɳ ā | |
| Phonemic | กะ-รุ-นา k a – r u – n ā | |
| Romanization | Paiboon | gà-rú-naa |
| Royal Institute | ka-ru-na | |
| (standard) IPA(key) | /ka˨˩.ru˦˥.naː˧/(R) | |
Noun
กรุณา • (gà-rú-naa)
- compassion.
- (of a god or royal person) (พระ~) favour; kindness; grace.
- (พระ~) used as a title for or term of address to a god or high-ranking royal or noble person.
Verb
กรุณา • (gà-rú-naa)
- to be compassionate; to have, feel, or show compassion; to have a heart.
Adverb
กรุณา • (gà-rú-naa) (abstract noun ความกรุณา)