三味線
Chinese
three | taste | thread; string; wire thread; string; wire; line | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (三味線/三味綫) | 三 | 味 | 線/綫 | |
simp. (三味线) | 三 | 味 | 线 |
Etymology
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三味線 (shamisen).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sanwèisiàn
- Wade–Giles: san1-wei4-hsien4
- Yale: sān-wèi-syàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanweyshiann
- Palladius: саньвэйсянь (sanʹvɛjsjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sän⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: saam1 mei6 sin3
- Yale: sāam meih sin
- Cantonese Pinyin: saam1 mei6 sin3
- Guangdong Romanization: sam1 méi6 xin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːm⁵⁵ mei̯²² siːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
(deprecated template usage) 三味線
See also
- 三弦 (sānxián)
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
三 | 味 | 線 |
さ > しゃ Grade: 1 (ateji) |
み Grade: 3 (ateji) |
せん Grade: 2 |
irregular | goon | on’yomi |
The instrument derives from the Okinawan 三線 (sanshin). Originally called 蛇皮線 (jabisen, literally “snakeskin strings”) in Japanese, so named for the way the Okinawan instrument's soundbox is traditionally covered in snakeskin. The traditional jabisen instrument was imported into the Sakai area of Osaka during the Eiroku era (1558-1570), then later modified by biwa luthiers to have the square-shaped shamisen soundbox of today.[1][2]
The reading jabisen shifted over time to 蛇味線 (jamisen), replacing the 皮 (bi, “skin, leather”) character with 味 (mi) for phonetic reasons, i.e. as ateji (当て字). Then jamisen changed to shamisen, replacing the 蛇 (ja, “snake”) character with 三 (sha , usually read san, “three”) for semantic reasons. The sha reading for the 三 character is irregular.
Pronunciation
Noun
Derived terms
- 三味線糸 (shamisen ito)
- 三味線歌 (shamisen uta)
- 三味線貝 (shamisengai)
- 三味線草 (shamisengusa)
- 三味線組歌 (shamisen kumiuta)
- 三味線駒 (shamisen-goma)
- 三味線蔓 (shamisenzuru)
- 三味線胴 (shamisendō)
- 三味線箱 (shamisen-bako)
- 三味線弾き (shamisenhiki)
- 三味線堀 (shamisenbori)
- 三味線屋 (shamisen-ya)
- 相三味線 (ai-jamisen)
- 色三味線 (iro-jamisen)
- 唄三味線 (uta-jamisen)
- 口三味線 (kuchi-jamisen)
- 義太夫三味線 (gidayū shamisen)
- 立三味線 (tate-jamisen)
- 津軽三味線 (Tsugaru-jamisen)
- 継ぎ三味線 (tsugijamisen)
- 連れ三味線 (tsurejamisen)
- 脇三味線 (waki-jamisen)
Idioms
Descendants
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
三 | 味 | 線 |
さん > さ Grade: 1 (ateji) |
み Grade: 3 (ateji) |
せん Grade: 2 |
irregular | goon | on’yomi |
Sound shift from shamisen above, possibly influenced by the standard san reading of the initial 三 character.
This reading appears to be less common than shamisen.[1][2]
Pronunciation
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Noun
- (uncommon, music) a Japanese stringed instrument played by plucking, vaguely similar to a banjo
- Synonym: 三味 (sami)
Derived terms
Descendants
- → English: samisen
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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