嘆く

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
なげ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
嘆く (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Old Japanese 嘆く (nage2ku, to sigh; to grieve over; to lament, consider one phonetic man'yōgana form 奈氣久 (MC naH khj+jH kjuwX)[1]). In turn, verbalized from noun 嘆き (nage2ki1, sigh; lament), derived as a compound of (naga, long) + (iki1, breath).[2][3][4]

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "嘆く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
嘆く [nàgéꜜkù]
Imperative (命令形) 嘆け [nàgéꜜkè]
Key constructions
Passive 嘆かれる げかれ [nàgékáréꜜrù]
Causative 嘆かせる げかせ [nàgékáséꜜrù]
Potential - - -
Volitional 嘆こう げこ [nàgékóꜜò]
Negative 嘆かない げかない [nàgékáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 嘆かなかった げかなかった [nàgékáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 嘆きます げきま [nàgékímáꜜsù]
Perfective 嘆いた いた [nàgéꜜìtà]
Conjunctive 嘆いて いて [nàgéꜜìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 嘆けば けば [nàgéꜜkèbà]

Alternative forms

Verb

(なげ) (nagekuintransitive godan (stem (なげ) (nageki), past (なげ)いた (nageita))

  1. to mourn, to lament
  2. to sigh

Conjugation

References

  1. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 18, poem 4101:
    , text online here
  2. ^ 嘆き/歎き(ナゲキ)とは - コトバンク[1], 2019 January 22 (last accessed)
  3. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN