果物
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 果 | 物 |
| くだ Grade: 4 |
もの Grade: 3 |
| irregular | kun'yomi |
Literally “tree's thing”. Originally a compound of 木 (ku, “tree”, irregular shift from ancient ko pronunciation) + だ (da, possessive marker between two nouns, only found in a few compounds) + 物 (mono, “thing”).[1][2]
The medial da is also seen in 獣 (kedamono, “beast”, literally “hairy thing”). The kanji is jukujikun (熟字訓).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- [from 934] edible fruit that grows on trees or shrubs, such as oranges and apples, rather than those growing along the ground, such as strawberries and melons
- [from 1772] 女房言葉 (nyobō kotoba) for 柑子 (kōji) or 蜜柑 (mikan, “Mandarin orange”)
- [from 1254] (obsolete) sweets
- Synonym: 菓子 (kashi)
- [from 974] (obsolete) a side dish served with saké
- Synonym: 肴 (sakana)
Synonyms
[edit]- フルーツ (furūtsu)
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- 果実 (kajitsu): fruit (edible or otherwise)
- 実 (mi): a seed, a berry, a fruit, a nut
- 青果物 (seikabutsu): garden stuff, greenstuff
- 八百屋 (yaoya): a greengrocer
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 果 | 物 |
| か Grade: 4 |
ぶつ Grade: 3 |
| kan'on | |
/kwabut͡su/ → /kabut͡su/
Possibly from Middle Chinese compound 果物 (*kuɑ *miuət, literally “fruit thing”). Compare modern Mandarin 果物 reading guǒwù (rare), Cantonese gwo2 mat6 (rare).
Rarely used in modern Japanese.
Noun
[edit]果物 • (kabutsu) ←くわぶつ (kwabutu)?
- [from 1877] (rare, hapax legomenon, obsolete) fruit
Usage notes
[edit]The kudamono reading is much more common in modern Japanese.
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000–2002, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “〈果物〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 果
- Japanese terms spelled with 物 read as もの
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 果 read as か
- Japanese terms spelled with 物 read as ぶつ
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms historically spelled with わ
- Japanese terms with rare senses
- Japanese hapax legomena
- Japanese words with multiple readings
- ja:Fruits