渤海

Chinese

		Bohai Sea	ocean; sea
simp. and trad. (渤海)		渤	海

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Bó Hǎi

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Bó Hǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Bó Hǎi
    • Wade–Giles: Po² Hai³
    • Yale: Bwó Hǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Bor Hae
    • Palladius: Бо Хай (Bo Xaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

---

• Middle Chinese: bwot xojX

Rime
Character	渤	海
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	沒 (56)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	蒲没切	呼改切
Baxter	bwot	xojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buət̚/	/hʌiX/
Pan Wuyun	/buot̚/	/həiX/
Shao Rongfen	/buət̚/	/xɒiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwət̚/	/həjX/
Li Rong	/buət̚/	/xᴀiX/
Wang Li	/buət̚/	/xɒiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuət̚/	/xɑ̆iX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bó	hǎi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	but6	hoi2

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 渤海

1. Bohai Sea
2. Bohai Bay
3. (historical) Bohai Commandery (in present day Hebei)
4. (historical) Balhae (multi-ethnic kingdom in Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula)

(deprecated template usage)

---

Japanese

Kanji in this term
渤	海
ぼつ > ぼっ Hyōgaiji	かい Grade: 2

Alternative spelling
渤海 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bo̞k̚ka̠i]

Proper noun

渤(ぼっ)海(かい) • (Bokkai) 

1. a 7-10th century kingdom located around northern China and Korean; Balhae
2. the Bohai Sea

---

Korean

Hanja in this term
渤	海

Proper noun

渤海 • (Balhae) (hangeul 발해)

1. Hanja form^? of 발해 (“Balhae”).

---

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
渤	海

Proper noun

渤海

1. chữ Hán form of Bột Hải (“the Bohai Sea”).
2. chữ Hán form of Bột Hải (“a 7-10th century kingdom located around northern China and Korean; Balhae”).