膜拜

Chinese

		membrane; film; to prostrate	to pay respect; worship; visit to pay respect; worship; visit; salute
trad. (膜拜)		膜	拜
simp. #(膜拜)		膜	拜

Etymology

膜 (mó) ― clipping of 南膜 (MC nom mu), which is from Sanskrit नमस् (namas, “bow; obeisance; salutation”) + 拜 (bài, “to bow”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): móbài

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ ㄅㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁴ baai³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bo̍k-pài / mo͘h-pài

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: móbài
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ ㄅㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: móbài
    • Wade–Giles: mo²-pai⁴
    • Yale: mwó-bài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mobay
    • Palladius: мобай (mobaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵ paɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁴ baai³
    • Yale: mòuh baai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁴ baai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁴ bai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²¹ paːi̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍k-pài
    • Tâi-lô: bo̍k-pài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bogpaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bɔk̚⁴⁻³² pai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔk̚²⁴⁻² pai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pai²¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mo͘h-pài
    • Tâi-lô: mooh-pài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mohpaix
    • IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ pai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ pai²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: mu peajH

Rime
Character	膜	拜
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	莫胡切	博怪切
Baxter	mu	peajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muo/	/pˠɛiH/
Pan Wuyun	/muo/	/pᵚæiH/
Shao Rongfen	/mo/	/pɐiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɔ/	/pəɨjH/
Li Rong	/mo/	/pɛiH/
Wang Li	/mu/	/pɐiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/muo/	/păiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mú	bài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou4	baai3

Verb

膜拜

1. (religion) to kneel and bow with joined hands at the forehead level; to prostrate oneself; to worship