膜

膜 U+819C, 膜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-819C ← 膛 [U+819B] CJK Unified Ideographs 膝 → [U+819D]

Translingual

Han character

膜 (radical 130 肉+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月廿日大 (BTAK), four-corner 7423₄, composition ⿰月莫)

1. membrane
2. to kneel and worship

Related characters

• 募 墓 幕 慕
• 模

References

• KangXi: page 993, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29808
• Dae Jaweon: page 1444, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2100, character 13
• Unihan data for U+819C

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		膜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 膜
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (莫) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
蟆	*mraː
鬕	*mraːɡs
饃	*maːl
模	*maː
摸	*maː, *maːɡ
嫫	*maː
謨	*maː
膜	*maː, *maːɡ
摹	*maː
暮	*maːɡs
慕	*maːɡs
募	*maːɡs
墓	*maːɡs
慔	*maːɡs
莫	*maːɡ
寞	*maːɡ
漠	*maːɡ
幕	*maːɡ
鏌	*maːɡ
瘼	*maːɡ
鄚	*maːɡ
瞙	*maːɡ
嗼	*maːɡ, *mraːɡ
塻	*maːɡ
貘	*mraːɡ
驀	*mraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *maː, *maːɡ): semantic ⺼ + phonetic 莫 (OC *maːɡ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mó, mò

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ, ㄇㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mok⁶, mou⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): bo̍k / mo̍͘h / bo̍h / mo͘h

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: mó
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ
    • Wade-Giles: mo²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo
    • IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: mò
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ
    • Wade-Giles: mo⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moh
    • IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: mok⁶, mou⁴
    • Yale: mohk, mòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mok⁹, mou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: mog⁶, mou⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /mɔːk̚²/, /mou̯²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍k
    • Tâi-lô: bo̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bok
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mo̍͘h
    • Tâi-lô: mo̍oh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: moh
    • IPA (Xiamen): /mɔ̃ʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /mɔ̃ʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃ʔ¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃ʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃ʔ⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍h
    • Tâi-lô: bo̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: boih
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /boʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /boʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /boʔ¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mo͘h
    • Tâi-lô: mooh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: moq
    • IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃ʔ³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃ʔ³²/

Note:

• bo̍k - literary;
• mo̍͘h/bo̍h/mo͘h - vernacular.

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• Middle Chinese: /muo/, /mɑk̚/▼

Rime
Character	膜	膜
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	莫胡切	慕各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muo/	/mɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/muo/	/mɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mo/	/mɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɔ/	/mak̚/
Li Rong	/mo/	/mɑk̚/
Wang Li	/mu/	/mɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/muo/	/mɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mú	mò

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*maː/, /*maːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膜	膜
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	9245	9253
Phonetic component	莫	莫
Rime group	魚	鐸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	模	莫
Old Chinese	/*maː/	/*maːɡ/

Definitions

膜

1. membrane, film
2. (physics) brane

References

• (Cantonese) Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

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Japanese

Kanji

膜

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: まく (maku), も (mo)
• Kan’on: ばく (baku), ぼ (bo)
• Kun: うすかわ (usukawa)

Compounds

Compounds

• 葡萄膜 (ぶどうまく) (budōmaku): uvea

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Korean

Hanja

膜 • (mak, mo) (hangeul 막, 모, revised mak, mo, McCune-Reischauer mak, mo, Yale mak, mo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

膜 (màng, mô)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.