南無
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Chinese
[edit]phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (南無) | 南 | 無 | |
simp. (南无) | 南 | 无 | |
alternative forms |
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit नमो (namo), the sandhi form of Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”) that appears before words beginning with a voiced consonant, which was presumably common in Buddhist texts.
The modern pronunciations are irregular in order to match the original Sanskrit pronunciation.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): naa1 mou4 / naa1 mo4
- Gan (Wiktionary): la4 mo4
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lâm-bû / nâ-mô͘
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄚ ㄇㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: namó
- Wade–Giles: na1-mo2
- Yale: nā-mwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nhamo
- Palladius: намо (namo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˊ ㄇㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: námó
- Wade–Giles: na2-mo2
- Yale: ná-mwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: namo
- Palladius: намо (namo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: naa1 mou4 / naa1 mo4
- Yale: nā mòuh / nā mòh
- Cantonese Pinyin: naa1 mou4 / naa1 mo4
- Guangdong Romanization: na1 mou4 / na1 mo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /naː⁵⁵ mou̯²¹/, /naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: la4 mo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /la³⁵ mo³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: nom mju
Verb
[edit]南無
- (Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva).
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
南 | 無 |
な Grade: 2 (ateji) |
む Grade: 4 (ateji) |
on'yomi |
Transliteration of Sanskrit नमो (namo), from Sanskrit नमस् (námas, literally “a bow”),[1][2] possibly via Middle Chinese 南無 (MC nom mju).
Compare Mandarin 南無/南无 (námó).
Pronunciation
[edit]Phrase
[edit]- (Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva).
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
南 | 無 |
な Grade: 2 (ateji) |
も Grade: 4 (ateji) |
on'yomi | tōon |
Alternative spelling |
---|
南謨 |
Likely a borrowing from Mandarin 南無/南无 (námó).
Phrase
[edit]- (Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva).
See also
[edit]- 帰命 (kimyō)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 南
- Chinese terms spelled with 無
- zh:Buddhism
- Japanese terms spelled with ateji
- Japanese terms spelled with 南 read as な
- Japanese terms spelled with 無 read as む
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese phrases
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- ja:Buddhism
- Japanese terms spelled with 無 read as も
- Japanese terms borrowed from Mandarin
- Japanese terms derived from Mandarin