苦心

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Chinese

bitter; intensely; miserable
bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
 
heart; mind
trad. (苦心)
simp. #(苦心)

Pronunciation


Noun

(deprecated template usage) 苦心

  1. pains; efforts; hard work

Adverb

(deprecated template usage) 苦心

  1. with strenuous efforts; painstakingly

Descendants

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Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
しん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology

From (ku, hard, energetically) + (shin, heart)

Noun

()(しん) (kushin

  1. pains, efforts, hard work

Derived terms

  • 苦心談 (kushindan): account of the hardships one has encountered
  • 苦心惨憺 (kushin santan): taking great pains

Idioms

Verb

()(しん)する (kushin surusuru (stem ()(しん) (kushin shi), past ()(しん)した (kushin shita))

  1. make strenuous efforts, be at pains to, struggle to
    苦心(くしん)して
    kushin shite
    with great pains

Conjugation