荒ぶ

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Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
すさ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 荒ぶ – see the following entry.
すさぶ
[verb] to be barren
[verb] of weather, to be forceful / severe
(This term, 荒ぶ, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
あら
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From the stem of adjective 荒らし (arashi, rough, wild) +‎ (-bu, to act like, to be (of a manner), precursor to modern suffix びる (-biru)).[1]

Verb

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(あら) (arabunidan

  1. (archaic) to be wild, to become wild, to be harsh or excessively strong
    Synonym: 荒む (susamu)
    • 927 延喜式 (Engishiki, “Procedures of the Engi Era”):
      ()()()(すみ)より(うと)(あら)()()(てん)のまがつひといふ(かみ)(こと)はむ(まが)(こと)
      Yomo yosumi yori utobi arabi komu ten no maga tsu hito ifu kami no koto wa mu magakoto ni
      All the gods from every corner of heaven come to say evil things
  2. (archaic) to be neglected, to fall into ruin, to be uncivilized
    • 720 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, Chronicles of Japan):
      ()(あし)(はらの)(なかつ)(くに)(もと)より(あら)()たり。
      Sore Ashihara no Nakatsukuni wa moto yori arabi tari.
      Ashihara no Nakatsukuni [Japan] is becoming less civilized.
  3. (archaic, of poetry) to lack ornamentation, to be simple, be plain
    • 1694, Matsuo Bashō, Rōka ate kyorai chokan [Recurring thoughts on leaving]:
      (はい)(かい)あらび()(もうし)(そうら)(こと)は、(こと)()あらく、(どう)()()(ひん)(もの)(とり)()(もうし)(そうら)(こと)にては(ない)
      Haikai arabi-ka mōshisōra koto wa, kotoba araku, dōgu gehin no mono toridashi mōshisōra koto nite wa nai
      Haikai is not merely simple construction, rude words, something drawn up with coarse tools
Conjugation
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References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN