避難

See also: 避难

Chinese

		avoid; shun; flee avoid; shun; flee; escape; leave; to keep away; to leave; to hide	disaster; distress; to scold disaster; distress; to scold; difficult (to...); problem; difficulty; difficult; not good
trad. (避難)		避	難
simp. (避难)		避	难

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bìnàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ ㄋㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bei⁶ naan⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phit-nan
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pī-lān / phiah-lān

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bìnàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ ㄋㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bìnàn
    • Wade–Giles: pi⁴-nan⁴
    • Yale: bì-nàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bihnann
    • Palladius: бинань (binanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ nän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bei⁶ naan⁶
    • Yale: beih naahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bei⁶ naan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: béi⁶ nan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei̯²² naːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phit-nan
    • Hakka Romanization System: pid^ˋ nan
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pid⁵ nan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰit̚² nan⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pī-lān
    • Tâi-lô: pī-lān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pixlan
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pi²²⁻²¹ lan²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi³³⁻²¹ lan³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁴¹⁻²² lan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pi³³⁻¹¹ lan³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiah-lān
    • Tâi-lô: phiah-lān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phiahlan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ lan³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ lan³³/

Verb

避難

1. to take refuge; to seek asylum; to take sanctuary

---

Japanese

Kanji in this term
避	難
ひ Grade: S	なん Grade: 6
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
避難 (kyūjitai)

Noun

避(ひ)難(なん) • (hinan) 

1. evacuation

Verb

避(ひ)難(なん)する • (hinan suru) intransitive suru (stem 避(ひ)難(なん)し (hinan shi), past 避(ひ)難(なん)した (hinan shita))

1. evacuate

   地上(ちじょう)からより高(たか)い場所(ばしょ)へ避難(ひなん)する

   chijō kara yori takai basho e hinan suru

   evacuate to a location above ground level

Conjugation

Conjugation of "避難する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	避難し	ひなんし	hinan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	避難し	ひなんし	hinan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	避難する	ひなんする	hinan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	避難する	ひなんする	hinan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	避難すれ	ひなんすれ	hinan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	避難せよ¹ 避難しろ²	ひなんせよ¹ ひなんしろ²	hinan seyo¹ hinan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	避難される	ひなんされる	hinan sareru
Causative	避難させる 避難さす	ひなんさせる ひなんさす	hinan saseru hinan sasu
Potential	避難できる	ひなんできる	hinan dekiru
Volitional	避難しよう	ひなんしよう	hinan shiyō
Negative	避難しない	ひなんしない	hinan shinai
Negative continuative	避難せず	ひなんせず	hinan sezu
Formal	避難します	ひなんします	hinan shimasu
Perfective	避難した	ひなんした	hinan shita
Conjunctive	避難して	ひなんして	hinan shite
Hypothetical conditional	避難すれば	ひなんすれば	hinan sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative