馬桶

See also: 马桶

Chinese

		horse; surname	pail; bucket; bin pail; bucket; bin; barrel
trad. (馬桶)		馬	桶
simp. (马桶)		马	桶

Etymology

During the Han Dynasty, the emperor's commode was called 虎子 (hǔzǐ). However, the grandfather of Emperor Gaozu of Tang was called 李虎 (Lǐ Hǔ). Because it was forbidden for common items to contain the given names of members of the imperial family (see Naming taboo), 虎子 was changed to 馬子／马子 (mǎzi), which morphed later into 馬桶.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǎtǒng

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): maa⁵ tung²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mâ-thúng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bé-tháng / má-tháng
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶mo-don
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ma³ tong³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǎtǒng [Phonetic: mátǒng]
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄨㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǎtǒng
    • Wade–Giles: ma³-tʻung³
    • Yale: mǎ-tǔng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maatoong
    • Palladius: матун (matun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: maa⁵ tung²
    • Yale: máh túng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: maa⁵ tung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ma⁵ tung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː¹³ tʰʊŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ-thúng
    • Hakka Romanization System: ma^ˊ tung^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ma¹ tung³
    • Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴ tʰuŋ³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-tháng
    • Tâi-lô: bé-tháng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: beftarng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰaŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰaŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-tháng
    • Tâi-lô: má-tháng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: maftarng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaŋ⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶mo-don
    • MiniDict: mo^去 don
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mo-don
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mo²² doŋ⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ma³ tong³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ma̠⁴¹ tʰʊŋ⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ma̠⁴¹ tʰən⁴¹/

Noun

馬桶

1. sitting toilet
2. toilet bowl
3. nightstool; closestool; commode
4. chamber pot

Synonyms

• (sitting toilet): 坐廁／坐厕 (zuòcè), (Cantonese) 屎塔; (Hokkien) 坐盆
• (toilet bowl): 廁缸／厕缸 (cègāng), 大便器 (dàbiànqì), 坐便器 (zuòbiànqì)
• (nightstool): 馬子／马子 (mǎzi)
• (chamber pot): 便壺／便壶 (biànhú), 尿壺／尿壶 (niàohú), 尿盆 (niàopén), 夜壺／夜壶 (yèhú); (Sichuan) 尿罐罐, 尿罐罐兒／尿罐罐儿; (Hokkien) 尿鱉／尿鳖, 尿扣喙

Derived terms

• 上馬桶／上马桶
• 埋馬桶／埋马桶
• 抽水馬桶／抽水马桶 (chōushuǐ mǎtǒng)
• 搶馬桶／抢马桶
• 馬桶刷／马桶刷 (mǎtǒngshuā)