馬鈴薯

See also: 马铃薯

Chinese[edit]

		bell tied to a horse; sleigh bell; jingle bell	potato; yam
trad. (馬鈴薯)		馬鈴	薯
simp. (马铃薯)		马铃	薯

Etymology[edit]

The earliest known attestation in Chinese is found in the Kangxi edition of the Gazetteer of Songxi County (《松溪縣志》), published in 1700, but based on its description, it is improbable that it referred to the potato but, instead, referred to the air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera) (Xiang, 2018). The name probably originally made reference to the way air potatoes look like bells used in the tack for horses.

Alternatively, considering this word is mainly distributed in the South, and that other forms in the area, such as 荷蘭薯／荷兰薯 and 番仔番薯, usually include a modifier meaning “foreign”, Suzuki (2013) suggests that 馬鈴／马铃 (mǎlíng) may be a variant of 馬來／马来 (Mǎlái, “Malay”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mǎlíngshǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): maa⁵ ling⁴ syu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mâ-làng-sù

(Meixian, Guangdong): ma¹ lang² su²
Min Bei (KCR): mǎ-lâing-cṳ̂
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): má-lêng-chû / má-lêng-chîr / má-lêng-chî / bé-lêng-chû / bé-lêng-chîr / bé-lêng-chî

(Teochew, Peng'im): bhê² lêng⁵ ze⁵ / bhê² lêng¹ ze⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: mǎlíngshǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maalingshuu
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǎlíngshǔ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ liŋ³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: maa⁵ ling⁴ syu⁴
  - Yale: máh lìhng syùh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maa⁵ ling⁴ sy⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ma⁵ ling⁴ xu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mäː¹³ lɪŋ²¹ ʃyː²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ-làng-sù
  - Hakka Romanization System: ma´ langˇ suˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ma¹ lang² su²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴ laŋ¹¹ su¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ma¹ lang² su²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ laŋ¹¹ su¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mǎ-lâing-cṳ̂
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma²¹ laiŋ³³ t͡sy³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Tainan, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-lêng-chû
  - Tâi-lô: má-lîng-tsû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maflengzuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-lêng-chîr
  - Tâi-lô: má-lîng-tsîr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-lêng-chî
  - Tâi-lô: má-lîng-tsî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maflengcii
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡ɕi²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡ɕi¹³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-lêng-chû
  - Tâi-lô: bé-lîng-tsû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: beflengzuu
  - IPA (Taipei): /be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-lêng-chîr
  - Tâi-lô: bé-lîng-tsîr
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-lêng-chî
  - Tâi-lô: bé-lîng-tsî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: beflengcii
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bhê² lêng⁵ ze⁵ / bhê² lêng¹ ze⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bé lêng tsṳ̂ / bé leng tsṳ̂
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /be⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ⁵⁵/, /be⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵/

Noun[edit]

馬鈴薯

potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 馬鈴薯 (“potato”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		馬鈴薯
Taxonomic name		馬鈴薯
Mandarin	Beijing	土豆兒, 山藥蛋 dated
	Taiwan	馬鈴薯, 洋芋
	Tianjin	山藥豆兒, 山藥
	Ulanhot	土豆
	Tongliao	土豆
	Chifeng	馬鈴薯
	Bayanhot	山藥蛋, 山藥
	Hailar	土豆
	Harbin	土豆兒, 土豆子, 地豆兒, 地豆子, 山豆兒
	Shenyang	土豆兒
	Muping	地蛋子, 地豆子
	Qingdao	土豆
	Jinan	地蛋, 土豆兒
	Luoyang	洋芋, 山藥蛋兒, 土豆
	Wanrong	洋芋子, 土豆
	Zhengzhou	土豆兒, 山藥蛋 suburbs
	Xi'an	洋芋
	Yinchuan	山芋, 山芋蛋
	Lanzhou	洋芋
	Xining	洋芋, 洋芋蛋蛋
	Ürümqi	洋芋
	Wuhan	洋苕, 洋芋
	Huanggang	土豆兒, 洋芋
	Chengdu	洋芋
	Guiyang	洋芋
	Kunming	洋芋, 山芋頭
	Guilin	馬鈴薯
	Liuzhou	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
	Xuzhou	土豆兒, 土豆子, 地豆子
	Yangzhou	洋山芋
	Nanjing	洋山芋, 土豆兒
	Hefei	馬鈴薯, 洋山芋
	Nantong	洋番芋
	Malaysia	馬鈴薯
	Singapore	馬鈴薯
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	洋芋
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	洋芋
Cantonese	Guangzhou	薯仔, 荷蘭薯 dated
	Hong Kong	薯仔, 荷蘭薯 dated
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	荷蘭薯
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	薯仔
	Macau	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Panyu	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Huadu (Huashan)	薯仔
	Conghua	馬鈴薯
	Zengcheng	薯仔
	Foshan	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Nanhai (Shatou)	荷蘭薯
	Shunde	荷蘭薯
	Sanshui	薯仔
	Gaoming (Mingcheng)	薯仔
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	荷蘭薯
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	荷蘭薯
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	薯仔
	Doumen	薯仔, 馬鈴薯
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	馬鈴薯
	Xinhui	馬鈴薯
	Taishan	馬鈴薯, 薯仔
	Kaiping (Chikan)	馬鈴薯, 薯仔
	Enping (Niujiang)	馬鈴薯
	Heshan (Yayao)	薯仔
	Dongguan	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Bao'an (Shajing)	荷蘭薯
	Dapeng	薯仔
	Qingyuan	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Fogang	馬鈴薯, 薯仔
	Yingde (Hanguang)	馬鈴薯
	Yangshan	馬鈴薯
	Lianshan (Butian)	馬鈴薯
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	馬鈴薯
	Shaoguan	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Qujiang	荷蘭薯
	Renhua	荷蘭薯
	Lechang	馬鈴薯
	Gaoyao	咖喱薯, 荷蘭薯
	Sihui	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Guangning	雪薯, 馬鈴薯
	Deqing	加里薯, 馬鈴薯
	Huaiji	馬鈴薯
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	馬鈴薯
	Yunfu	冬薯
	Xinxing	薯仔
	Luoding	馬鈴薯
	Yunan (Pingtai)	馬鈴薯
	Yangjiang	馬鈴薯
	Xinyi	荷蘭薯, 冬薯
	Lianjiang	薯仔
	Nanning	馬鈴薯
	Wuzhou	馬鈴薯, 薯仔, 冬姑
	Yulin	馬鈴薯, 地姑
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	馬鈴薯
	Danzhou	馬鈴薯
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	荷蘭薯
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	薯仔
	Yangon (Taishan)	薯仔
	Mandalay (Taishan)	薯仔
Gan	Nanchang	洋芋頭, 土豆
	Lichuan	土豆, 山藥薯
	Pingxiang	洋芋仔
Hakka	Meixian	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	荷蘭薯, 馬鈴薯
	Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	荷蘭薯
	Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Boluo (Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	薯仔
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	荷蘭薯, 馬鈴薯
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	荷蘭薯
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	荷蘭薯
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	馬鈴薯
	Wuhua (Changbu)	馬鈴薯
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	鈴薯
	Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Liannan	荷蘭薯
	Conghua (Lütian)	馬鈴薯
	Changting	洋芋子
	Yudu	馬鈴薯
	Ruijin	土豆
	Shicheng	土豆
	Shangyou	馬鈴薯
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	馬鈴薯
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	馬鈴薯
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	馬鈴薯
	Dongshi (Dabu)	馬鈴薯
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	馬鈴薯
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	馬鈴薯
	Hong Kong	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	馬鈴薯
	Sabah (Longchuan)	薯仔
	Senai (Huiyang)	荷蘭薯
	Singkawang	蕳砃
Huizhou	Jixi	洋芋, 洋芋頭
	Shexian	洋芋頭, 洋山芋
	Tunxi	馬鈴芋
	Xiuning	馬鈴芋
	Yixian	洋芋頭
	Qimen	馬鈴薯
	Wuyuan	芋頭, 馬鈴薯
	Fuliang	洋芋頭
	Dexing	馬鈴薯
Jin	Taiyuan	山藥蛋
	Pingyao	山藥蛋
	Xinzhou	山藥, 山藥蛋
	Taibus (Baochang)	山藥
	Linhe	山藥
	Jining	山藥
	Hohhot	山藥
	Baotou	山藥
	Dongsheng	山藥
	Haibowan	山藥蛋
Min Bei	Jian'ou	馬鈴薯, 洋芋
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	麥仔芋
	Songxi	洋芋
	Zhenghe	觀音芋
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	芋仔
	Jianyang	洋芋仔
	Wuyishan	洋芋仔
	Pucheng (Shibei)	洋芋頭
Min Dong	Fuzhou	番囝薯
	Changle	番囝薯
	Fuqing	番囝薯
	Yongtai	番囝薯
	Gutian	番囝薯
	Fu'an	洋芋卵
	Ningde	馬鈴薯
	Shouning	芋卵囝
	Zhouning	洋芋卵
	Fuding	芋卵囝
	Matsu	番囝薯
Min Nan	Xiamen	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Tong'an	番仔番薯
	Quanzhou	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Dehua	番囝薯
	Zhangzhou	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Dongshan	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Taipei	馬鈴薯
	Kaohsiung	馬鈴薯
	Tainan	馬鈴薯
	Taichung	馬鈴薯
	Wuqi	油薯
	Hsinchu	馬鈴薯
	Taitung	馬鈴薯
	Lukang	馬鈴薯
	Sanxia	馬鈴薯
	Yilan	馬鈴薯
	Kinmen	蕳砃, 蕳砃薯
	Magong	馬鈴薯
	Penang (Hokkien)	蕳砃薯
	Singapore (Hokkien)	蕳砃, 荷蘭薯
	Manila (Hokkien)	霸薯
	Zhangping	番仔芋仔
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	番仔芋仔
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	馬鈴薯
	Chaozhou	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
	Shantou	蕳砃, 馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
	Chenghai	荷蘭薯, 蕳砃
	Chaoyang	蕳砃
	Jieyang	荷蘭薯, 馬鈴薯
	Bangkok (Teochew)	薯
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	蕳砃
	Singapore (Teochew)	蕳砃
	Leizhou	薯囝
	Wenchang	馬鈴薯, 薯囝
	Haikou	荷蘭薯
	Qionghai	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
Puxian Min	Putian	洋紅薯, 馬鈴薯
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	荷蘭薯
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	荷蘭薯
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	馬鈴薯
Wu	Shanghai	洋山芋, 土豆
	Chongming	洋芋艿
	Suzhou	洋芋艿, 洋山芋, 洋山薯
	Wuxi	洋芋頭, 洋山芋
	Danyang	洋山芋
	Hangzhou	洋番薯, 洋番芋, 洋芋艿
	Ningbo	洋芋艿, 洋番薯, 紅毛番薯
	Wenzhou	番人芋, 楊梅芋, 洋番薯, 洋芋
	Jinhua	洋芋, 洋山芋
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	洋芋
	Taizhou	洋芋
Xiang	Changsha	洋芋頭, 洋芋, 洋芋子
	Shuangfeng	洋芋子
	Xiangtan	洋芋頭
	Loudi	洋芋
	Quanzhou	洋芋頭

Derived terms[edit]

烤馬鈴薯／烤马铃薯 (kǎomǎlíngshǔ)
馬鈴薯條／马铃薯条 (mǎlíngshǔtiáo)

馬鈴薯泥／马铃薯泥 (mǎlíngshǔní)
馬鈴薯片／马铃薯片 (mǎlíngshǔpiàn)

Descendants[edit]

→ Lingao: ma⁴ liŋ¹ su⁴
→ Zhuang: majlingzsuz

Japanese[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

馬鈴薯

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Potato

Wikipedia

馬鈴薯 (bareisho): a pile of potatoes.

Kanji in this term
馬	鈴	薯
ば Grade: 2	れい Grade: S	しょ Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Etymology[edit]

Origin unclear. Attributed to noted Edo-period botanist and scholar of Chinese medicine Ono Ranzan (see 小野蘭山) in the late 1700s. May be from Sinitic 馬鈴薯, or may be a Japanese coinage later borrowed into Chinese.

According to one theory, this word is a compound of 馬鈴 (barei, “horse bell”) +‎ 薯 (sho, “potato”), from the way the potato looks a bit like the bells used in the tack for stage horses.^[1] In another theory, 馬鈴 (barei) is an example of ateji for Malay, since potatoes were introduced to Japan via the Dutch East Indies.

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi

(Tokyo) ばれーしょ [bàrééshó] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ba̠ɾe̞ːɕo̞]

Noun[edit]

馬(ば)鈴(れい)薯(しょ) • (bareisho)

potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Synonyms[edit]

じゃがいも, ジャガイモ, ジャガ芋, ジャガ薯 (jagaimo)

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

馬鈴薯粉(ばれいしょふん) (bareisho fun): potato flour; potato starch
馬鈴薯澱粉(ばれいしょでんぷん) (bareisho denpun): potato starch

References[edit]

^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-1] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

馬鈴薯

Contents

Chinese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Navigation menu

Search