하늘

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Jeju

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Etymology

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From Middle Korean 하ᄂᆞᆶ〮 (hànólh). Cognate to Korean 하늘 (haneul).

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?haneul
Revised Romanization (translit.)?haneul
Yale Romanization?hanul

Noun

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하늘 (haneul)

  1. sky
  2. heaven

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Korean 하ᄂᆞᆶ〮 (hànólh), probably from Old Korean 天乙 (*HANOr). Perhaps related to Middle Korean 하다〮 (Yale: hà-tá, “to be large; to be great”).[1] The Middle Korean /-h/ may be the remnant of an ancient place-related suffix; see Appendix:Middle Korean h-final nouns.

In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 하ᄂᆞᆶ〮 (Yale: hànólh).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ha̠nɯɭ]
    • Audio:(file)
  • Phonetic hangul: []
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?haneul
Revised Romanization (translit.)?haneul
McCune–Reischauer?hanŭl
Yale Romanization?hanul
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 늘의 / 늘에 / 늘까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the first syllable, and lowers the pitch of subsequent suffixes.

Noun

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하늘 (haneul, sky).

하늘 (haneul)

  1. sky
    Coordinate term: (ttang, earth; land)
    하늘 차이haneulgwa ttang chaia world of difference (literally, “the difference of sky and land”)
  2. (chiefly Confucianism) heaven
    하늘 무섭지 않은가?Haneuri museopji aneun'ga?Do you not fear heaven?
  3. (Christianity) heavenly god
  4. (obsolete) palate
    Synonym: 입천장 (ipcheonjang)

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ 이동석 [idongseok] (2005) 국어 음운 현상의 공시성과 통시성 [gugeo eumun hyeonsang'ui gongsiseonggwa tongsiseong, Synchrony and Diachrony in Korean Phonological Processes], 한국문화사 [han'gungmunhwasa], →ISBN, page 273