-इक

See also: इक, इक-, and -इका

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-Iranian *i-

Proto-Indo-European *-kos

Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas

Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas

Sanskrit -इक (-ika)lbor.

Hindi -इक

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit -इक (-ika).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɪk/

Suffix

-इक • (-ik)

forms adjectives from nouns
‎कल्पना (kalpanā, “imagination”) + ‎-इक (-ik) → ‎काल्पनिक (kālpanik, “imaginary”)
forms agentive nouns
Synonym: -ई (-ī)

‎विज्ञान (vijñān, “science”) + ‎-इक (-ik) → ‎वैज्ञानिक (vaijñānik, “scientist”)

Usage notes

This suffix triggers a vṛddhi grade on the root or initial syllable's vowel.

Derived terms

Hindi terms suffixed with -इक

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit -इक (-ika). First attested as Old Marathi -𑘃𑘎 (-ika).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /.ik/, [.iːk]

Suffix

-इक • (-ik)

forms adjectives from nouns

Derived terms

Marathi terms suffixed with -इक

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

-ᬇᬓ (Balinese script)
-ဣက (Burmese script)
-इक (Devanagari script)
-ਇਕ (Gurmukhi script)
-𑌇𑌕 (Grantha script)
-ꦆꦏ (Javanese script)
-𑂅𑂍 (Kaithi script)
-ឥក (Khmer script)
-ອິກ (Lao script)
-ഇക (Malayalam script)
-ᡳᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
-𑘂𑘎 (Modi script)
-ᠢᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
-𑦢𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
-𑐂𑐎 (Newa script)
-ଇକ (Odia script)
-ꢄꢒ (Saurashtra script)
-𑆅𑆑 (Sharada script)
-𑖂𑖎 (Siddham script)
-ඉක (Sinhalese script)
-𑩐𑩑𑩜 (Soyombo script)
-𑚂𑚊 (Takri script)
-இக (Tamil script)
-อิก (Thai script)
-ཨི་ཀ (Tibetan script)
-𑨀𑨁𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-Iranian *i-

Proto-Indo-European *-kos

Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas

Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas

Sanskrit -इक

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ikas, from i-stem *i- + *-kas, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Compare Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), Latin -icus (both whence English -ic), Old English -iġ (whence English -y), and Old Church Slavonic -ъкъ (-ŭkŭ).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /i.kɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /i.kɐ/

Suffix

-इक • (-ika)

forms adjectives from nouns.
-er (one who does or makes)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of -इक
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	-इकः (-ikaḥ)	-इकौ (-ikau) -इका¹ (-ikā¹)	-इकाः (-ikāḥ) -इकासः¹ (-ikāsaḥ¹)
accusative	-इकम् (-ikam)	-इकौ (-ikau) -इका¹ (-ikā¹)	-इकान् (-ikān)
instrumental	-इकेन (-ikena)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकैः (-ikaiḥ) -इकेभिः¹ (-ikebhiḥ¹)
dative	-इकाय (-ikāya)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकेभ्यः (-ikebhyaḥ)
ablative	-इकात् (-ikāt)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकेभ्यः (-ikebhyaḥ)
genitive	-इकस्य (-ikasya)	-इकयोः (-ikayoḥ)	-इकानाम् (-ikānām)
locative	-इके (-ike)	-इकयोः (-ikayoḥ)	-इकेषु (-ikeṣu)
vocative	-इक (-ika)	-इकौ (-ikau) -इका¹ (-ikā¹)	-इकाः (-ikāḥ) -इकासः¹ (-ikāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of -इका
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	-इका (-ikā)	-इके (-ike)	-इकाः (-ikāḥ)
accusative	-इकाम् (-ikām)	-इके (-ike)	-इकाः (-ikāḥ)
instrumental	-इकया (-ikayā) -इका¹ (-ikā¹)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकाभिः (-ikābhiḥ)
dative	-इकायै (-ikāyai)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकाभ्यः (-ikābhyaḥ)
ablative	-इकायाः (-ikāyāḥ) -इकायै² (-ikāyai²)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकाभ्यः (-ikābhyaḥ)
genitive	-इकायाः (-ikāyāḥ) -इकायै² (-ikāyai²)	-इकयोः (-ikayoḥ)	-इकानाम् (-ikānām)
locative	-इकायाम् (-ikāyām)	-इकयोः (-ikayoḥ)	-इकासु (-ikāsu)
vocative	-इके (-ike)	-इके (-ike)	-इकाः (-ikāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of -इक
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	-इकम् (-ikam)	-इके (-ike)	-इकानि (-ikāni) -इका¹ (-ikā¹)
accusative	-इकम् (-ikam)	-इके (-ike)	-इकानि (-ikāni) -इका¹ (-ikā¹)
instrumental	-इकेन (-ikena)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकैः (-ikaiḥ) -इकेभिः¹ (-ikebhiḥ¹)
dative	-इकाय (-ikāya)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकेभ्यः (-ikebhyaḥ)
ablative	-इकात् (-ikāt)	-इकाभ्याम् (-ikābhyām)	-इकेभ्यः (-ikebhyaḥ)
genitive	-इकस्य (-ikasya)	-इकयोः (-ikayoḥ)	-इकानाम् (-ikānām)
locative	-इके (-ike)	-इकयोः (-ikayoḥ)	-इकेषु (-ikeṣu)
vocative	-इक (-ika)	-इके (-ike)	-इकानि (-ikāni) -इका¹ (-ikā¹)