-itia

Latin

Alternative forms

• -itiēs

Etymology

An extended form of -ia. There is perhaps evidence for a similar suffix in Umbrian 𐌊𐌅𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌕𐌉𐌄 (kvestretie) and 𐌖𐌇𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌕𐌉𐌄 (uhtretie).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɪ.ti.a]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [it.t͡si.a]

Suffix

-itia f (genitive -itiae); first declension

1. -ness, -ity; Used to form nouns describing the condition of being something.

Usage notes

The suffix -itia is added to an adjective (or rarely a noun) to form an abstract first declension noun describing the condition of being something.

Examples:

‎dūrus (“hard”) + ‎-itia → ‎dūritia (“hardness”)

‎laetus (“happy”) + ‎-itia → ‎laetitia (“happiness”)

‎trīstis (“sad”) + ‎-itia → ‎trīstitia (“sadness”)

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	-itia	-itiae
genitive	-itiae	-itiārum
dative	-itiae	-itiīs
accusative	-itiam	-itiās
ablative	-itiā	-itiīs
vocative	-itia	-itiae

Synonyms

• (-ness, -ity): -ia, -itās

Derived terms

• -itiēs

Latin terms suffixed with -itia

altitia

amicitia

avaritia

blanditia

duritia

-ities

immunditia

impudicitia

inimicitia

iustitia

laetitia

lautitia

longitia

maestitia

malitia

mollitia

munditia

naturalizza

nigritia

pigritia

pudicitia

pueritia

saevitia

segnitia

servitium

spurcitia

stultitia

tristitia

Descendants

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: -itta
• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: -eatsã
  • Romanian: -eață
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Italian: -ezza
    • → Esperanto: -eco
  • Sicilian: -izza
  • Venetan: -esa, -eça
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Ladin: -eza, -ëza
  • Friulian: -ece
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Piedmontese: -ëssa
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: -ece
    • French: -esse
      • → English: -ess
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: -esa
  • Old Occitan: -eza, -esa
    • Gascon: -esa
    • Occitan: -esa
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: -eza
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: -eza
    • Galician: -eza
    • Portuguese: -eza
  • Spanish: -eza
• Borrowings:
  • → Asturian: -icia
  • → Catalan: -ícia
  • → Friulian: -izie
  • → Galician: -icia
  • → Italian: -izia
  • → Ladin: -izia
  • → Occitan: -ícia
  • → Old French: -ise (indirectly)
    • French: -ise (see etymology)
    • → Middle English: -ise, -ice
      • English: -ise, -ice
  • → Portuguese: -ícia
  • → Sicilian: -ìzzia
  • → Spanish: -icia
  • → Venetan: -isia, -içia
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *-ɨd
    • Middle Welsh: -yt
      • Welsh: -yd

References

• Malkiel, Yakov. 1983. Alternatives to the classic dichotomy family tree/wave theory? The Romance evidence. In Rauch, Irmengard & Carr, Gerald F. (eds.), Language Change, 192–256. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. §4.
• Priberam Informática S.A (accessed 2023-06-12), “eza”, in Dicionário Priberam (in pt-br)