-ise

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ise"

English

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-ise

Etymology 1

From Middle English -isen, from Middle French -iser, from Late Latin -izāre, from Ancient Greek -ίζω (-ízō), from Proto-Indo-European *-idyé- (verbal suffix). Cognate with Old English -ettan (verbal suffix).

Pronunciation

(Standard Southern British) IPA^(key): /-ɑjz/

Suffix

-ise (verb-forming suffix, third-person singular simple present -ises, present participle -ising, simple past and past participle -ised)

Alternative form of -ize used in certain words; see the usage notes.

Usage notes

Many English verbs end in the suffix -ize, which in British English can also be spelled -ise, but must not be confused with the English or French stems -rise, -mise, -vise, -cise, etc. (as in arise, advertise, improvise, etc.), spelled thus everywhere. This suffix ultimately derives from Late Latin -izāre, Ancient Greek -ίζω (-ízō), but it entered English from Middle French -iser as Middle English -isen. The variation of -ize and -ise began in Old French and Middle English, perhaps aided by words such as surprise (see above). In Britain, despite the opposition to it (at least formerly) of the Oxford University Press, -ise remains dominant. In the US, only -z- spelling of the suffix is used, and it is the predominant one in Canada.

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ise

Translations

-ize — see -ize

Etymology 2

From Middle English -ise, from Old French -ise, borrowed from Latin -itia.

Suffix

-ise (noun-forming suffix, plural -ises)

Suffix used in loanwords from French to form abstract nouns of quality or function.
merchandise, franchise

Anagrams

-ies, -sie, EIS, EIs, ESI, ies, sei, sie

Afar

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-iˈse/ [-ɪˈsɛ]

Suffix

-isé

Used to form causative verbs.

Derived terms

Afar terms suffixed with -ise

-ys-

References

E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN, page 245
Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015), L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎^[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 279

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French -ise, a suffix probably derived, by resegmentation, from justise (< Latin iūstitia), whose ending was influenced by the closely-related juïse (< Latin iūdĭcium),^[1] whose /i/, in turn, may be the result of influence from -īcius (adjective-forming suffix).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /iz/

Suffix

-ise f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ises)

-ise; forms abstract nouns
‎débrouillard + ‎-ise → ‎débrouillardise

‎franc + ‎-ise → ‎franchise

‎vantard + ‎-ise → ‎vantardise

Derived terms

References

^ Breslin, Margaret Sinclair. 1969. The Old French abstract suffix -ise: Studies in its rise, internal diffusion, external spread, and retrenchment. Romance Philology 22. 408–420.

Middle English

Suffix

-ise

alternative form of -yssh

Old French

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix

-ise

used to form feminine nouns, often denoting a state or quality
‎franc + ‎-ise → ‎franchise

‎cuinte + ‎-ise → ‎cuintise

Derived terms

Old French terms suffixed with -ise

[1] Breslin, Margaret Sinclair. 1969. The Old French abstract suffix -ise: Studies in its rise, internal diffusion, external spread, and retrenchment. Romance Philology 22. 408–420.

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