durus
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "durus"
Ido[edit]
Verb[edit]
durus
- conditional of durar
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”), though there are semantic problems if the change “long” > “enduring” (see dūrō) is not accepted.
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *deru-, *drew- (“hard, fast”). Cognate with Lithuanian drū́tas (“firm, strong”), Old English trum (“strong, firm”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
dūrus (feminine dūra, neuter dūrum, comparative dūrior, superlative dūrissimus, adverb dūrē or dūriter); first/second-declension adjective
- hard, rough (of a touch)
- harsh (of a taste)
- hardy, vigorous
- unyielding, unfeeling, stern
- oppressive, severe
- Dura lex, sed lex.
- The law is harsh but it is the law.
Declension[edit]
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | dūrus | dūra | dūrum | dūrī | dūrae | dūra | |
Genitive | dūrī | dūrae | dūrī | dūrōrum | dūrārum | dūrōrum | |
Dative | dūrō | dūrō | dūrīs | ||||
Accusative | dūrum | dūram | dūrum | dūrōs | dūrās | dūra | |
Ablative | dūrō | dūrā | dūrō | dūrīs | |||
Vocative | dūre | dūra | dūrum | dūrī | dūrae | dūra |
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Proto-Brythonic: *dʉr (“hard; hard metal, steel”)
- Catalan: dur
- Dalmatian: doir
- → English: dure
- French: dur
- Friulian: dûr
- Galician: duro
- Istriot: doûro
- Italian: duro
- Ligurian: dûo
- Lombard: dür
- → Middle Irish: dúr
- Norman: dû
- Occitan: dur
- Portuguese: duro
- Romanian: dur
- Romansch: dir
- Sardinian: duru
- Sicilian: duru
- Spanish: duro
- Venetian: duro, dur
- Walloon: deur
References[edit]
- “durus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “durus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- durus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- durus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, 1st edition. (Oxford University Press)
Categories:
- Ido non-lemma forms
- Ido verb forms
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin first and second declension adjectives
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin terms with usage examples
- la:Taste