dúr

See also: dur, Dur, DUR, dùr, dûr, dür, and Dür

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuːr/
• Rhymes: -uːr

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰew-r-, cognate with Russian дурь (durʹ), Ukrainian дур (dur), дура (dura). See dúra.

Noun

dúr m (genitive singular dúrs, nominative plural dúrar)

1. nap (short period of sleep)
2. a short break
3. a short while

Declension

declension of dúr

m-s1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	dúr	dúrinn	dúrar	dúrarnir
accusative	dúr	dúrinn	dúra	dúrana
dative	dúr	dúrnum	dúrum	dúrunum
genitive	dúrs	dúrsins	dúra	dúranna

Related terms

• dúra

Etymology 2

Borrowing from Danish dur, from Latin dūrus (“hard”).

Noun

dúr m (genitive singular dúrs, nominative plural dúrar)

1. (music) a major key or scale

Declension

declension of dúr

m-s1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	dúr	dúrinn	dúrar	dúrarnir
accusative	dúr	dúrinn	dúra	dúrana
dative	dúr	dúrnum	dúrum	dúrunum
genitive	dúrs	dúrsins	dúra	dúranna

Antonyms

• moll

Derived terms

Terms derived from dúr

• A-dúr
• As-dúr
• B-dúr
• C-dúr
• Ces-dúr

• Cís-dúr
• D-dúr
• Des-dúr
• E-dúr
• Es-dúr

• F-dúr
• Fís-dúr
• G-dúr
• Ges-dúr
• H-dúr

References

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, 1st edition, 2nd printing (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans.

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Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish dúr, from Latin dūrus (“hard”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ˠuːɾˠ/

Adjective

dúr (genitive singular masculine dúir, genitive singular feminine dúire, plural dúra, comparative dúire)

1. (literary) hard
   1. rigid, solid
   2. hardy, tough
   3. difficult
   4. hard to bear
   5. unfeeling
2. dour, grim, obstinate
3. dense, stupid
4. sluggish

Declension

Declension of dúr

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	dúr	dhúr	dúra; dhúra²
Vocative	dhúir		dúra
Genitive		dúire	dúra	dúr
Dative	dúr; dhúr¹	dhúr; dhúir (archaic)	dúra; dhúra²
Comparative	níos dúire
Superlative	is dúire

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
dúr	dhúr	ndúr
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• “1 dúr” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
• “dúr” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
• "dúr" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

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Middle Irish

Etymology

Borrowing from Latin dūrus (“hard”)

Adjective

dúr (comparative dúru, superlative duirem)

1. rigid, hard, solid
2. difficult
3. hard to bear
4. strict, austere
5. hardy, resolute
6. unfeeling, dour, obdurate

Descendants

• Irish: dúr
• Scottish Gaelic: dùr
• Scots: dour
• English: dour

References

• “1 dúr” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.