-ksua
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]-ksi + -ua, originally with a stative meaning as seen in omaksua.
For the occasional final change -A- > -e-, compare -ntaa.
Suffix
[edit]-ksua (front vowel harmony variant -ksyä, stem -ksu-, linguistic notation -ksU- or -ksUA)
- Forms sensive verbs, i.e. verbs describing the action of considering an object as something.
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of -ksua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ksun | en -ksu | 1st sing. | olen -ksunut | en ole -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ksut | et -ksu | 2nd sing. | olet -ksunut | et ole -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ksuu | ei -ksu | 3rd sing. | on -ksunut | ei ole -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ksumme | emme -ksu | 1st plur. | olemme -ksuneet | emme ole -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ksutte | ette -ksu | 2nd plur. | olette -ksuneet | ette ole -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ksuvat | eivät -ksu | 3rd plur. | ovat -ksuneet | eivät ole -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -ksutaan | ei -ksuta | passive | on -ksuttu | ei ole -ksuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ksuin | en -ksunut | 1st sing. | olin -ksunut | en ollut -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ksuit | et -ksunut | 2nd sing. | olit -ksunut | et ollut -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ksui | ei -ksunut | 3rd sing. | oli -ksunut | ei ollut -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ksuimme | emme -ksuneet | 1st plur. | olimme -ksuneet | emme olleet -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ksuitte | ette -ksuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -ksuneet | ette olleet -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ksuivat | eivät -ksuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -ksuneet | eivät olleet -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -ksuttiin | ei -ksuttu | passive | oli -ksuttu | ei ollut -ksuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ksuisin | en -ksuisi | 1st sing. | olisin -ksunut | en olisi -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ksuisit | et -ksuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -ksunut | et olisi -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ksuisi | ei -ksuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -ksunut | ei olisi -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ksuisimme | emme -ksuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -ksuneet | emme olisi -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ksuisitte | ette -ksuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -ksuneet | ette olisi -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ksuisivat | eivät -ksuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -ksuneet | eivät olisi -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -ksuttaisiin | ei -ksuttaisi | passive | olisi -ksuttu | ei olisi -ksuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ksu | älä -ksu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ksukoon | älköön -ksuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon -ksunut | älköön olko -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ksukaamme | älkäämme -ksuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ksukaa | älkää -ksuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ksukoot | älkööt -ksuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot -ksuneet | älkööt olko -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -ksuttakoon | älköön -ksuttako | passive | olkoon -ksuttu | älköön olko -ksuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ksunen | en -ksune | 1st sing. | lienen -ksunut | en liene -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ksunet | et -ksune | 2nd sing. | lienet -ksunut | et liene -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ksunee | ei -ksune | 3rd sing. | lienee -ksunut | ei liene -ksunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ksunemme | emme -ksune | 1st plur. | lienemme -ksuneet | emme liene -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ksunette | ette -ksune | 2nd plur. | lienette -ksuneet | ette liene -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ksunevat | eivät -ksune | 3rd plur. | lienevät -ksuneet | eivät liene -ksuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -ksuttaneen | ei -ksuttane | passive | lienee -ksuttu | ei liene -ksuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | -ksua | present | -ksuva | -ksuttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | -ksunut | -ksuttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | -ksuessa | -ksuttaessa | agent4 | -ksuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -ksumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -ksuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | -ksumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | -ksumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | -ksumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | -ksumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | -ksumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -ksuman | -ksuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | -ksuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
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