-skella
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *-skëldak, initial component from Proto-Finno-Ugric *-śk- and the latter equivalent to -ella.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-skella (front vowel harmony variant -skellä, stem -skele-, linguistic notation -skele- or -skellA)
- Forms frequentative verbs, chiefly from bisyllabic stems.
Usage notes
[edit]A preceding -a- or -ä- becomes an -e- (compare -ella).
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of -skella (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -skelen | en -skele | 1st sing. | olen -skellut | en ole -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -skelet | et -skele | 2nd sing. | olet -skellut | et ole -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -skelee | ei -skele | 3rd sing. | on -skellut | ei ole -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -skelemme | emme -skele | 1st plur. | olemme -skelleet | emme ole -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -skelette | ette -skele | 2nd plur. | olette -skelleet | ette ole -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -skelevat | eivät -skele | 3rd plur. | ovat -skelleet | eivät ole -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -skellaan | ei -skella | passive | on -skeltu | ei ole -skeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -skelin | en -skellut | 1st sing. | olin -skellut | en ollut -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -skelit | et -skellut | 2nd sing. | olit -skellut | et ollut -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -skeli | ei -skellut | 3rd sing. | oli -skellut | ei ollut -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -skelimme | emme -skelleet | 1st plur. | olimme -skelleet | emme olleet -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -skelitte | ette -skelleet | 2nd plur. | olitte -skelleet | ette olleet -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -skelivat | eivät -skelleet | 3rd plur. | olivat -skelleet | eivät olleet -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -skeltiin | ei -skeltu | passive | oli -skeltu | ei ollut -skeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -skelisin | en -skelisi | 1st sing. | olisin -skellut | en olisi -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -skelisit | et -skelisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -skellut | et olisi -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -skelisi | ei -skelisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -skellut | ei olisi -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -skelisimme | emme -skelisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -skelleet | emme olisi -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -skelisitte | ette -skelisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -skelleet | ette olisi -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -skelisivat | eivät -skelisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -skelleet | eivät olisi -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -skeltaisiin | ei -skeltaisi | passive | olisi -skeltu | ei olisi -skeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -skele | älä -skele | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -skelkoon | älköön -skelko | 3rd sing. | olkoon -skellut | älköön olko -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -skelkaamme | älkäämme -skelko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -skelkaa | älkää -skelko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -skelkoot | älkööt -skelko | 3rd plur. | olkoot -skelleet | älkööt olko -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -skeltakoon | älköön -skeltako | passive | olkoon -skeltu | älköön olko -skeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -skellen | en -skelle | 1st sing. | lienen -skellut | en liene -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -skellet | et -skelle | 2nd sing. | lienet -skellut | et liene -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -skellee | ei -skelle | 3rd sing. | lienee -skellut | ei liene -skellut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -skellemme | emme -skelle | 1st plur. | lienemme -skelleet | emme liene -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -skellette | ette -skelle | 2nd plur. | lienette -skelleet | ette liene -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -skellevat | eivät -skelle | 3rd plur. | lienevät -skelleet | eivät liene -skelleet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -skeltaneen | ei -skeltane | passive | lienee -skeltu | ei liene -skeltu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | -skella | present | -skeleva | -skeltava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | -skellut | -skeltu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | -skellessa | -skeltaessa | agent4 | -skelema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -skelematon | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -skellen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | -skelemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | -skelemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | -skelemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | -skelemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | -skelematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -skeleman | -skeltaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | -skeleminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
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