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|subjunctive_ps_conj={{l|sga|·bether}}<br/>{{l|sga|·ruibther}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}} |
|subjunctive_ps_conj={{l|sga|·bether}}<br/>{{l|sga|·ruibther}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}} |
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|subjunctive_pp_abso={{l|sga|betir}} |
|subjunctive_pp_abso={{l|sga|betir}} |
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|pastsubj_3s_conj={{l|sga|·rubad}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}} |
<!--|pastsubj_3s_conj={{l|sga|·rubad}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}}--> |
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|pastsubj_ps={{l|sga|·bethae}} |
|pastsubj_ps={{l|sga|·bethae}} |
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|pastsubj_3p_abso={{l|sga|ro·betais}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}} |
<!--|pastsubj_3p_abso={{l|sga|ro·betais}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}}--> |
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|pastsubj_3p_conj={{l|sga|·rubaitis}}, {{l|sga|·rubtais}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}} |
<!--|pastsubj_3p_conj={{l|sga|·rubaitis}}, {{l|sga|·rubtais}} {{qualifier|''ro''-form}}--> |
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|imperative_2s={{l|sga|ben}} |
|imperative_2s={{l|sga|ben}} |
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|imperative_3s={{l|sga|benad}} |
|imperative_3s={{l|sga|benad}} |
Revision as of 21:15, 29 September 2016
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *binati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰinH-, nasal present stem of *bʰeyH-. Cognate with Middle Welsh kymynu (“hit, cut down”) (from *kom-bi-na-), Middle Breton benaff (“cut”), Gaulish biietutu (“should strike”), Celtiberian ne-bintor (“should not be hit”), Latin per-fines (“you should strike”), Old Church Slavonic бити (biti), Avestan [script needed] (biieṇte, “hit”).
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter) IPA(key): /ˈbʲeniðʲ/
Verb
benaid (conjunct ·ben, verbal noun béimm or bíth)
Conjugation
Simple, class B IV present, reduplicated preterite, reduplicated a future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Abs. | benaim | benai | benaid | benait | benair | |||
Conj. | ·rubaim (ro-form) | ·ben | ·benat | ·bentar | |||||
Rel. | benas | benar | |||||||
Imperfect indicative | ·benad | ·bentais | |||||||
Preterite | Abs. | béo | bí | bíthai | |||||
Conj. | ·bí | ·béotar | ·bíth | ·bítha | |||||
Rel. | bie | ||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ro·bí | ro·béotar | ro·bíth | ro·bítha | ||||
Prot. | ·ruba | ·ruba | ·rubai | ·rubatar | ·rubad | ||||
Future | Abs. | biu | bíth | ||||||
Conj. | ·biu | ·bia | ·biter | ||||||
Rel. | bias | ||||||||
Conditional | ·biad | ·bithe | |||||||
Present subjunctive | Abs. | bethir | betir | ||||||
Conj. | ·rubai (ro-form) | ·bia | ·bether ·ruibther (ro-form) |
||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Past subjunctive | ·bethae | ||||||||
Imperative | ben | benad | benaid | benat | benar | ||||
Verbal noun | béimm, bíth | ||||||||
Past participle | bíthe | ||||||||
Verbal of necessity | bethi |
Descendants
- Irish: bain
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
benaid | benaid pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ |
mbenaid |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Categories:
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish verbs
- Old Irish entries with topic categories using raw markup
- Old Irish simple verbs
- Old Irish class B IV present verbs
- Old Irish reduplicated preterite verbs
- Old Irish reduplicated a future verbs
- Old Irish a subjunctive verbs
- sga:Violence