sphinx

See also: Sphinx

English

Etymology

The great Sphinx of Giza

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle English Spynx, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin Sphinx, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek Σφίγξ (Sphínx).

Pronunciation

• enPR: sfĭngks, (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) IPA^(key): /sfɪŋks/
• (deprecated use of |lang= parameter)

  Audio (US):

  (file)

• (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) Rhymes: -ɪŋks

Noun

sphinx (plural sphinxes or sphinges)

1. (mythology) A creature with the head of a person and the body of an animal (commonly a lion).
   • Shelley

     Sculptured on alabaster obelisk, / Or jasper tomb, or mutilated sphinx […]

2. A person who keeps his/her thoughts and intentions secret; an enigmatic person.
3. Cynocephalus sphinx, a kind of baboon.
4. A sphinx moth.
5. (rare) A sphincter.
   • 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber 2004 (Avignon Quintet), page 836:

     Constance said boastfully, ‘My sphinxes are strong and in good repair. I order you to come.’

Synonyms

• (person who keeps his/her thoughts and intentions secret): enigma

Derived terms

• sphinx moth
• sphingian

Hyponyms

• androsphinx
• criosphinx
• gynosphinx

Translations

mythology: creature with the head of a person and the body of an animal

• Arabic: أبو الهول m (abu l-hawl)
• Asturian: esfinxe f
• Basque: esfinge
• Bulgarian: сфинкс (bg) m (sfinks)
• Catalan: esfinx m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 斯芬克斯 (zh) (sīfēnkèsī), 人頭獅身／人头狮身 (zh) (réntóushīshēn), 人头狮身 (zh) (réntóushīshēn), 獅頭人像／狮头人像, 狮头人像 (shītóurénxiàng)

• Czech: sfinx (cs), sfinga (cs) f
• Danish: sfinks
• Dutch: sfinx
• Estonian: sphinx (et)
• Faroese: sfinksur m
• Finnish: sfinksi (fi)
• French: sphinx (fr) m
• Galician: esfinxe (gl) f
• Georgian: სფინქსი (spinksi)
• German: Sphinx (de) f
• Greek: σφίγγα (el) (sfínga)
• Hungarian: szfinx (hu)
• Ido: sfinxo (io)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Indonesian: sfinks (id)
• Italian: sfinge (it) f
• Japanese: スフィンクス (sufinkusu), 人獅 (jinshi), 人頭獅身 (jintō shimi), 獅子女 (shishime)
• Korean: 스핑크스 (ko) (seupingkeuseu)
• Lithuanian: sfinksas
• Malay: sfinks
• Marathi: स्फिंक्स m (sfiṃksa)
• Norwegian: sfinks
• Polish: sfinks (pl) m
• Portuguese: esfinge f
• Romanian: sfinx (ro) m
• Russian: сфинкс (ru) m (sfinks)
• Serbo-Croatian: сфинга f, sfinga f
• Slovak: sfinga f
• Spanish: esfinge f
• Swedish: sfinx (sv) c
• Thai: สฟิงซ์ (sà-fíng)
• Vietnamese: nhân sư
• Volapük: (♂♀) sfin (vo), (♂) hisfin, (♀) jisfin

person who keeps his/her thoughts and intentions secret

• Catalan: esfinx m
• German: Sphinx (de) f
• Polish: sfinks (pl) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: esfinge f
• Romanian: sfinx (ro) m
• Swedish: gåta (sv) c, sfinx (sv) c

See also

• chimera

Verb

sphinx (third-person singular simple present sphinxes, present participle sphinxing, simple past and past participle sphinxed)

1. To decorate with sphinxes

   a marble sphinxed chimney-piece

2. To adopt the posture of the Sphinx.

   A hot lion with a very bloated stomach ... will adopt either a sphinxed or a squatting posture which takes some of the weight off its belly.

   Several animals maintained either a crouched ... or a sphinxing posture (abdomen on the floor)

3. To be inscrutable, often through silence

   (1900) The sphinxèd riddle of the Universe / Nature's unsolved enigma, who may prove?

   (1933) Janet Gaynor, so they tell, is sphinxing it and has gone into a Retirement, with "Nothing to Say — Please Go Away" written on the doormat.

   (1934) The men of science will climb grassy hillsides of [Easter] island to peer at hundreds of great stone faces that have so far out-sphinxed the sphinx in determined silence about the past.

   (1954) "What are you two sphinxing about?" said Jessica, but her husband said Never mind

   (1964) What with Fisher whole-hogging on one side, and K. of K. sphinxing on the other, Churchill had his work cut out to get any sort of agreement at all.

4. To make one guess at the unknowable

   (1933) Perhaps Nature is sphinxing us on purpose. Whatever her objects may be, perhaps she gets her work done better when she appeals to our gambling instincts. If you knew for certain exactly how your marriage was going to turn out ...

5. To befuddle

   (2010) She swiveled and sphinxed Giles. 'And you, I suppose you've never been here either?' Giles squirmed. 'Well, I – that is, Miss Wh—, I mean, Miss Taylor, I –' He looked to me for rescue.

6. For the feminine to co-opt, dominate, or devour the masculine, especially from a paranoid fear of this happening

   (1986) modernism's fears of being sphinxed by a feminized mass culture

---

French

Etymology

Borrowed from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin sphinx.

Pronunciation

• (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) IPA^(key): /sfɛ̃ks/

Noun

sphinx m (plural sphinx)

1. sphinx

Further reading

• “sphinx”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

---

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /spʰinks/, [s̠pʰɪŋks̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /sfinks/, [sfiŋks]

Noun

1. sphinx

Inflection

References

• sphinx in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “sphinx”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[1]
• “sphinx”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “sphinx”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray