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→Japanese: +formatting +rewording sense -- @Huhu9001, the key is not the meaning -- often identical in JA and ZH -- but rather the application of the spelling to a native Japanese term |
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==Japanese== |
==Japanese== |
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<div style="float:right;"> |
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{{wikipedia|lang=ja}} |
{{wikipedia|lang=ja}} |
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{{wikipedia|Kanji#Kun.27yomi_.28native_reading.29|Kanji#Kun'yomi (native reading)}} |
{{wikipedia|Kanji#Kun.27yomi_.28native_reading.29|Kanji#Kun'yomi (native reading)}} |
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</div> |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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Compound of {{compound|ja|sort=くんよみ|訓|tr1=kun|t1= |
Compound of {{compound|ja|sort=くんよみ|訓|tr1=kun|t1=meaning|読み|tr2=yomi|t2=reading}}. Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words in Japanese, as opposed to the sounds (i.e. [[pronunciation]]s) to use when reading Chinese text (called {{m|ja|音読み|tr=on'yomi}} or {{m|ja|音読|tr=ondoku}}).<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref> |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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{{ja-pron|くんよみ|acc=0|acc_ref=DJR,NHK,SMK5}} |
{{ja-pron|y=j|くんよみ|acc=0|acc_ref=DJR,NHK,SMK5}} |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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{{ja-noun|kyu=訓讀み|くんよみ|head=[[訓]][[読み]]}} |
{{ja-noun|kyu=訓讀み|くんよみ|head=[[訓]][[読み]]}} |
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# {{lb|ja|sort=くんよみ |
# {{lb|ja|linguistics|sort=くんよみ}} [[w:Kanji#Kun'yomi (native_reading)|kun'yomi]]; a kind of Japanese [[kanji]] readings based on the kanji's meaning rather than their original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese |
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====Antonyms==== |
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Based on native Japanese vocabulary: |
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====Related terms==== |
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Based on Chinese-derived pronunciations: |
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* {{ja-r|漢音|かんおん}} |
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* {{ja-r|呉音|ご.おん}} |
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* {{ja-r|唐音|とうおん}} |
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* {{ja-r|唐宋音|とうそうおん}} |
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* {{ja-r|宋音|そうおん}} |
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** {{ja-r|慣用音|かんようおん}} |
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===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
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{{ja-verb-suru|くんよみ}} |
{{ja-verb-suru|くんよみ}} |
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# to use the |
# to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word |
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====Conjugation==== |
====Conjugation==== |
Revision as of 21:08, 17 June 2020
Japanese
Etymology
Compound of 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words in Japanese, as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku)).[1][2]
Pronunciation
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Noun
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- (linguistics) kun'yomi; a kind of Japanese kanji readings based on the kanji's meaning rather than their original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese
Antonyms
- 音読み (on'yomi): Chinese-derived reading for Chinese characters
Related terms
- Related to kun'yomi, 名乗り (nanori) is used for the readings of names (given names and sometimes place names).
- 漢音 (kan'on)
- 呉音 (goon)
- 唐音 (tōon)
- 唐宋音 (tōsōon)
- 宋音 (sōon)
Verb
訓読みする • (kun'yomi suru) suru (stem 訓読みし (kun'yomi shi), past 訓読みした (kun'yomi shita))
- to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word
Conjugation
Conjugation of "訓読みする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 訓読みし | くんよみし | kun'yomi shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 訓読みし | くんよみし | kun'yomi shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 訓読みする | くんよみする | kun'yomi suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 訓読みする | くんよみする | kun'yomi suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 訓読みすれ | くんよみすれ | kun'yomi sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 訓読みせよ¹ 訓読みしろ² |
くんよみせよ¹ くんよみしろ² |
kun'yomi seyo¹ kun'yomi shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 訓読みされる | くんよみされる | kun'yomi sareru | |
Causative | 訓読みさせる 訓読みさす |
くんよみさせる くんよみさす |
kun'yomi saseru kun'yomi sasu | |
Potential | 訓読みできる | くんよみできる | kun'yomi dekiru | |
Volitional | 訓読みしよう | くんよみしよう | kun'yomi shiyō | |
Negative | 訓読みしない | くんよみしない | kun'yomi shinai | |
Negative continuative | 訓読みせず | くんよみせず | kun'yomi sezu | |
Formal | 訓読みします | くんよみします | kun'yomi shimasu | |
Perfective | 訓読みした | くんよみした | kun'yomi shita | |
Conjunctive | 訓読みして | くんよみして | kun'yomi shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 訓読みすれば | くんよみすれば | kun'yomi sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 訓 read as くん
- Japanese terms spelled with 読 read as よ
- Japanese terms read with jūbakoyomi
- Japanese compound terms
- ja:Linguistics
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji