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訓

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 训
訓 U+8A13, 訓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A13
← 訒
[U+8A12] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 訔 →
[U+8A14]

Translingual

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Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character

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訓 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜口中中中 (YRLLL), four-corner 02600, composition ⿰訁川)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1148, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35238
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1614, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3942, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8A13

Chinese

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trad. 訓
simp. 训

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (川) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
川 *kʰjon
釧 *kʰjons
巛 *kʰuːn
巡 *sɢljun
馴 *sɢljun
紃 *sɢljun, *ɢljun
甽 *kljuns, *kʷeːnʔ
順 *ɢljuns
訓 *qʰuns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰuns): semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 川 (OC *kʰjon). It conveys the meaning of "preaching a teaching."[1]

References

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  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology

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Perhaps from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kul (“to instruct, explain, admonish”). Compare Tibetan སྐུལ་བ (skul ba, “to exhort”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • Songjiang, Chongming:
    • 5shion/5shin - vernacular;
    • 5shiun - literary.
    Rime
    Character 訓
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
    Final (韻) 文 (59)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 許運切
    Baxter xjunH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/hɨunH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/hiunH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/xiuənH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/hunH/
    Li
    Rong         		/xiuənH/
    Wang
    Li         		/xĭuənH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/xi̯uənH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xùn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		fan3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 訓
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xùn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ xjunH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l̥u[n]-s/ (W dialect: *l̥- > x- )
    English instruct

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 訓
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1637
    Phonetic
    component         		川
    Rime
    group         		文
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		訓
    Old
    Chinese         		/*qʰuns/

    Definitions

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    訓

    1. to teach; to instruct; to lecture
    2. to explain
    3. to explain the meaning or sense of a word
    4. to reprimand; to slam; to rebuke; to denounce
    5. (colloquial) to scold
    6. to train; to drill
    7. teachings; explanation; exegesis
    8. model; example
    9. to submit to; to yield to; to obey
    10. a surname, Xun
    11. (linguistics) To interpret / read a Chinese character or phrase by associating it with a (usually) non-Sinitic native morpheme or phrase with identical meaning. Applied in Sinitic dialects to Mandarin or Literary Chinese characters, and in the Sinosphere to Literary Chinese. For example, reading (訓／训) the character 人 (“person”) as Hokkien lâng (“person”), Korean 사람 (saram, “person”), or Japanese ひと (hito, “person”).
      Coordinate term: 音 (yīn)

    Synonyms

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    • (to teach):
    • (to explain):
    • (to reprimand):
    • (model):

    Compounds

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    References

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    • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “训”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 272.

    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    訓

    (Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. instruction
    2. teachings

    Readings

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    • Go-on: くん (kun, Jōyō)
    • Kan-on: くん (kun, Jōyō)
    • Tō-on: きん (kin)
    • Kun: おしえる (oshieru, 訓える)、よむ (yomu, 訓む)

    Compounds

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    Etymology 1

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    Kanji in this term
    訓
    くん
    Grade: 4
    on'yomi

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    訓(くん) • (kun) 

    1. kun'yomi

    Etymology 2

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    Kanji in this term
    訓
    さとし
    Grade: 4
    nanori

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

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    訓(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

    1. a male given name

    Etymology 3

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    Kanji in this term
    訓
    つとむ
    Grade: 4
    nanori

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

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    訓(つとむ) • (Tsutomu) 

    1. a male given name

    References

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    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    訓 (eumhun 가르칠 훈 (gareuchil hun))

    1. hanja form? of 훈 (“teaching”)

    Synonyms

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    Compounds

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    Derived terms

    See also

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    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    訓: Hán Nôm readings: huấn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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