激励

See also: 激勵 and 激厲

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 激励 – see 激勵 (“to encourage; to motivate; to reprimand; to slam; to rebuke; to denounce”). (This term is the simplified form of 激勵).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
激	励
げき Grade: 6	れい Grade: S
kan'yōon	kan'on

Alternative spellings
激勵 (kyūjitai) 激厲

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 激勵 (MC kek ljejH). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) げきれー [gèkíréé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɡe̞kʲiɾe̞ː]

Noun

激(げき)励(れい) • (gekirei) 

1. encouragement

   Synonym: 励まし (hagemashi)

Derived terms

• 叱(しっ)咤(た)激(げき)励(れい) (shitta gekirei)

Verb

激(げき)励(れい)する • (gekirei suru) transitive suru (stem 激(げき)励(れい)し (gekirei shi), past 激(げき)励(れい)した (gekirei shita))

1. to encourage

   Synonyms: 力づける (chikarazukeru), 励ます (hagemasu)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "激励する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	激励し	げきれいし	gekirei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	激励し	げきれいし	gekirei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	激励する	げきれいする	gekirei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	激励する	げきれいする	gekirei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	激励すれ	げきれいすれ	gekirei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	激励せよ¹ 激励しろ²	げきれいせよ¹ げきれいしろ²	gekirei seyo¹ gekirei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	激励される	げきれいされる	gekirei sareru
Causative	激励させる 激励さす	げきれいさせる げきれいさす	gekirei saseru gekirei sasu
Potential	激励できる	げきれいできる	gekirei dekiru
Volitional	激励しよう	げきれいしよう	gekirei shiyō
Negative	激励しない	げきれいしない	gekirei shinai
Negative continuative	激励せず	げきれいせず	gekirei sezu
Formal	激励します	げきれいします	gekirei shimasu
Perfective	激励した	げきれいした	gekirei shita
Conjunctive	激励して	げきれいして	gekirei shite
Hypothetical conditional	激励すれば	げきれいすれば	gekirei sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

• “激励”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026