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{{also|मह|मुँह|मुहु|मेंह}} |
{{also|मह|मुँह|मुहु|मेंह}} |
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==Sanskrit== |
==Sanskrit== |
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===Alternative scripts=== |
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===Etymology=== |
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{{inh+|sa|ine-pro|*méǵh₂s}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{sa-IPA|a=1}} |
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===Adjective=== |
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{{sa-adj|tr=máh}} |
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# [[great]], [[strong]], [[powerful]], [[mighty]], [[sublime]] |
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#* {{Q|sa||RV|1|100|1|quote=स यो वृषा वृष्ण्येभिः समोका '''महो''' दिवः पृथिव्याश्च सम्राट् । सतीनसत्वा हव्यो भरेषु मरुत्वान्नो भवत्विन्द्र ऊती ॥|t=May he who hath his home with strength, the '''Mighty''', the King supreme of earth and spacious heaven, Lord of true power, to he invoked in battles, may Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.}} |
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#* {{Q|sa||RV|8|70|9|quote=उदू षु णो वसो महे मृशस्व शूर राधसे । उदू षु मह्यै मघवन्मघत्तय उदिन्द्र श्रवसे '''महे''' ॥|t=O Vasu, O thou Hero, raise us up to ample opulence. Raise us to gain of mighty wealth, O Maghavan, O Indra, to '''sublime''' renown.}} |
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#* {{Q|sa||RV|5|41|15|quote=पदेपदे मे जरिमा नि धायि वरूत्री वा शक्रा या पायुभिश्च । सिषक्तु माता '''मही''' रसा नः स्मत्सूरिभिर्ऋजुहस्त ऋजुवनिः ॥|t=Duly to each one hath my laud been offered. Strong be Varutri with her powers to succour. May the '''great''' Mother Rasā here befriend us, straight-handed, with the princes, striving forward.}} |
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====Declension==== |
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{{sa-decl-adj-mfn|máh|máh|f2=mahī́|máh}} |
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===Root=== |
===Root=== |
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{{sa-root |
{{sa-root}} |
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# to [[elate]]; [[gladden]]; [[exalt]]; [[arouse]]; [[excite]] |
# to [[elate]]; [[gladden]]; [[exalt]]; [[arouse]]; [[excite]] |
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# to [[magnify]]; [[esteem]] highly; [[honour]]; [[revere]] |
# to [[magnify]]; [[esteem]] highly; [[honour]]; [[revere]] |
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# |
# to [[rejoice]]; [[delight]] in {{q|with {{glossary|instrumental}} or {{glossary|accusative}} cases}} |
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# to [[give]]; [[bestow]] |
# to [[give]]; [[bestow]] |
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#* {{Q|sa||RV|1|94|6}} |
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====Derived terms==== |
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#* {{Q|sa||RV|1|117|17}} |
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* Verbal derivations: |
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#* {{Q|sa||RV|5|27|1}} |
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** {{l|sa|महति|pos=class 1, active voice, present}}, {{l|sa|महते|pos=class 1, middle voice, present}} |
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** {{l|sa|महयति|pos=class 10, active voice, present}}, {{l|sa|महयते|pos=class 10, middle voice, present}} |
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** {{l|sa|मह्यते|pos=passive voice, present}} |
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** {{l|sa|महिष्यति|pos=active voice, future}} |
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** {{l|sa|महित्वा|pos=gerund}} |
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* {{l|sa|मह|tr=mahá}} |
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* {{l|sa|महत्|tr=mahát}} |
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* {{l|sa|महन्|tr=mahán}} |
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* {{l|sa|महस्|tr=máhas}} |
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* {{l|sa|महनीय}} |
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* {{l|sa|महिष|tr=mahiṣá}} |
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===Further reading=== |
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* {{R:MW|794|col=1}} |
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* {{R:DCS}} |
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* {{R:Apte||me=1|1246}} |
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* {{R:MCD|220}} |
Revision as of 16:32, 15 December 2021
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- মহ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬳ᭄ (Balinese script)
- মহ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰮𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀳𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- မဟ် (Burmese script)
- મહ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਮਹ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌹𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦲ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂯𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಮಹ್ (Kannada script)
- មហ៑ (Khmer script)
- ມຫ຺ (Lao script)
- മഹ് (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠᡥ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘮𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᠾ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧎𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐴𑑂 (Newa script)
- ମହ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢪꢲ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆲𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖮𑖿 (Siddham script)
- මහ් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑪂 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚩𑚶 (Takri script)
- மஹ் (Tamil script)
- మహ్ (Telugu script)
- มหฺ (Thai script)
- མ་ཧ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒯𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨱𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s.
Pronunciation
Adjective
मह् • (máh) stem
- great, strong, powerful, mighty, sublime
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.100.1:
- स यो वृषा वृष्ण्येभिः समोका महो दिवः पृथिव्याश्च सम्राट् । सतीनसत्वा हव्यो भरेषु मरुत्वान्नो भवत्विन्द्र ऊती ॥
- sa yo vṛṣā vṛṣṇyebhiḥ samokā maho divaḥ pṛthivyāśca samrāṭ. satīnasatvā havyo bhareṣu marutvānno bhavatvindra ūtī.
- May he who hath his home with strength, the Mighty, the King supreme of earth and spacious heaven, Lord of true power, to he invoked in battles, may Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
- स यो वृषा वृष्ण्येभिः समोका महो दिवः पृथिव्याश्च सम्राट् । सतीनसत्वा हव्यो भरेषु मरुत्वान्नो भवत्विन्द्र ऊती ॥
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.70.9:
- उदू षु णो वसो महे मृशस्व शूर राधसे । उदू षु मह्यै मघवन्मघत्तय उदिन्द्र श्रवसे महे ॥
- udū ṣu ṇo vaso mahe mṛśasva śūra rādhase. udū ṣu mahyai maghavanmaghattaya udindra śravase mahe.
- O Vasu, O thou Hero, raise us up to ample opulence. Raise us to gain of mighty wealth, O Maghavan, O Indra, to sublime renown.
- उदू षु णो वसो महे मृशस्व शूर राधसे । उदू षु मह्यै मघवन्मघत्तय उदिन्द्र श्रवसे महे ॥
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.41.15:
- पदेपदे मे जरिमा नि धायि वरूत्री वा शक्रा या पायुभिश्च । सिषक्तु माता मही रसा नः स्मत्सूरिभिर्ऋजुहस्त ऋजुवनिः ॥
- padepade me jarimā ni dhāyi varūtrī vā śakrā yā pāyubhiśca. siṣaktu mātā mahī rasā naḥ smatsūribhirṛjuhasta ṛjuvaniḥ.
- Duly to each one hath my laud been offered. Strong be Varutri with her powers to succour. May the great Mother Rasā here befriend us, straight-handed, with the princes, striving forward.
- पदेपदे मे जरिमा नि धायि वरूत्री वा शक्रा या पायुभिश्च । सिषक्तु माता मही रसा नः स्मत्सूरिभिर्ऋजुहस्त ऋजुवनिः ॥
Declension
Lua error in Module:sa-decl/data at line 912: Please specify the final consonant in the nominative singular with ambig_final = "k" or "ṭ".Lua error in Module:sa-decl/data at line 912: Please specify the final consonant in the nominative singular with ambig_final = "k" or "ṭ".
Feminine ī-stem declension of मही (mahī́) | |||
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Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मही mahī́ |
मह्यौ / मही¹ mahyaù / mahī́¹ |
मह्यः / महीः¹ mahyàḥ / mahī́ḥ¹ |
Vocative | महि máhi |
मह्यौ / मही¹ máhyau / máhī¹ |
मह्यः / महीः¹ máhyaḥ / máhīḥ¹ |
Accusative | महीम् mahī́m |
मह्यौ / मही¹ mahyaù / mahī́¹ |
महीः mahī́ḥ |
Instrumental | मह्या mahyā́ |
महीभ्याम् mahī́bhyām |
महीभिः mahī́bhiḥ |
Dative | मह्यै mahyaí |
महीभ्याम् mahī́bhyām |
महीभ्यः mahī́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | मह्याः / मह्यै² mahyā́ḥ / mahyaí² |
महीभ्याम् mahī́bhyām |
महीभ्यः mahī́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | मह्याः / मह्यै² mahyā́ḥ / mahyaí² |
मह्योः mahyóḥ |
महीनाम् mahī́nām |
Locative | मह्याम् mahyā́m |
मह्योः mahyóḥ |
महीषु mahī́ṣu |
Notes |
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Lua error in Module:sa-decl/data at line 912: Please specify the final consonant in the nominative singular with ambig_final = "k" or "ṭ".
Root
मह् • (mah)
- to elate; gladden; exalt; arouse; excite
- to magnify; esteem highly; honour; revere
- to rejoice; delight in (with instrumental or accusative cases)
- to give; bestow
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- महति (mahati, class 1, active voice, present), महते (mahate, class 1, middle voice, present)
- महयति (mahayati, class 10, active voice, present), महयते (mahayate, class 10, middle voice, present)
- मह्यते (mahyate, passive voice, present)
- महिष्यति (mahiṣyati, active voice, future)
- महित्वा (mahitvā, gerund)
- मह (mahá)
- महत् (mahát)
- महन् (mahán)
- महस् (máhas)
- महनीय (mahanīya)
- महित (mahita)
- महिष (mahiṣá)
- मह्य (mahya)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “मह्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 794, column 1.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “mah”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “मह्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1246
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “मह्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 220