播種
Chinese
sow; scatter; spread sow; scatter; spread; broadcast |
to plant; to cultivate; kind to plant; to cultivate; kind; type; race; breed; seed; species (taxonomy) | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (播種) | 播 | 種 | |
simp. (播种) | 播 | 种 |
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ㄓㄨㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bojhǒng
- Wade–Giles: po1-chung3
- Yale: bwō-jǔng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bojoong
- Palladius: бочжун (bočžun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 嶓冢
播種/播种
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˋ ㄓㄨㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bòjhǒng
- Wade–Giles: po4-chung3
- Yale: bwò-jǔng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bohjoong
- Palladius: бочжун (bočžun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bo3 zung2
- Yale: bo júng
- Cantonese Pinyin: bo3 dzung2
- Guangdong Romanization: bo3 zung2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɔː³³ t͡sʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
Verb
播⫽種 (verb-object) (intransitive)
Synonyms
Derived terms
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Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bo3 zung3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pô-chung
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pò͘-chèng
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ㄓㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bojhòng
- Wade–Giles: po1-chung4
- Yale: bwō-jùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bojonq
- Palladius: бочжун (bočžun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˋ ㄓㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bòjhòng
- Wade–Giles: po4-chung4
- Yale: bwò-jùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bohjonq
- Palladius: бочжун (bočžun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bo3 zung3
- Yale: bo jung
- Cantonese Pinyin: bo3 dzung3
- Guangdong Romanization: bo3 zung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɔː³³ t͡sʊŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pô-chung
- Hakka Romanization System: boˊ zung
- Hagfa Pinyim: bo1 zung4
- Sinological IPA: /po²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
Verb
播種
- to grow by sowing seeds
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
播 | 種 |
は Jinmeiyō |
しゅ Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese compound 播種/播种 (paH tsyowngX, literally “to sow + seed”) or 播種/播种 (paH tsyowngH, literally “to sow + to sow”).
Pronunciation
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Noun
- sowing, the spreading of seed on the ground for growing a crop
- (medicine) dissemination (the spreading out of cells within the body, particularly cells of an invasive disease or of cancer)
Synonyms
Derived terms
Verb
播種する • (hashu suru) suru (stem 播種し (hashu shi), past 播種した (hashu shita))
- to sow, to spread seed on the ground for growing a crop
- (medicine) to disseminate (to spread out within the body, particularly for cells of an invasive disease or of cancer)
Conjugation
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 播種し | はしゅし | hashu shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 播種し | はしゅし | hashu shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 播種する | はしゅする | hashu suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 播種する | はしゅする | hashu suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 播種すれ | はしゅすれ | hashu sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 播種せよ¹ 播種しろ² |
はしゅせよ¹ はしゅしろ² |
hashu seyo¹ hashu shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 播種される | はしゅされる | hashu sareru | |
Causative | 播種させる 播種さす |
はしゅさせる はしゅさす |
hashu saseru hashu sasu | |
Potential | 播種できる | はしゅできる | hashu dekiru | |
Volitional | 播種しよう | はしゅしよう | hashu shiyō | |
Negative | 播種しない | はしゅしない | hashu shinai | |
Negative continuative | 播種せず | はしゅせず | hashu sezu | |
Formal | 播種します | はしゅします | hashu shimasu | |
Perfective | 播種した | はしゅした | hashu shita | |
Conjunctive | 播種して | はしゅして | hashu shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 播種すれば | はしゅすれば | hashu sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
播 | 種 |
はん Jinmeiyō |
しゅ Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Variation of hashu above, using the kan'yōon of han for the first character.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- (medicine) dissemination (the spreading out of cells within the body, particularly cells of an invasive disease or of cancer)
Usage notes
Although some dictionaries[1][2] list this separate reading with a distinct sense, other dictionaries[3][4] do not list any hanshu reading, and include the dissemination sense under the hashu reading.
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/leaf/jn2/149124/m3u/%E6%92%AD%E7%A8%AE/
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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