furca
Irish
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
furca m (genitive singular furca, nominative plural furcaí)
Declension
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
furca | fhurca | bhfurca |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “furca”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “furca”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
Latin
Etymology
First recorded in Late Latin; uncertain origin. In its primary sense of "fork", Latin furca appears to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerk(ʷ)-, *ǵʰerg(ʷ)- (“fork”), although the development of the -c- is difficult to explain. In other senses this derivation is unlikely. For these, perhaps it is connected to Proto-Germanic *furkaz, *firkalaz (“stake, stick, pole, post”), from Proto-Indo-European *perg- (“pole, post”). If so, this would relate the word to Old English forclas pl (“bolt”), Old Saxon ferkal (“lock, bolt, bar”), Old Norse forkr (“pole, staff, stick”), Norwegian fork (“stick, bat”), Swedish fork (“pole”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈfur.ka/, [ˈfʊrkä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈfur.ka/, [ˈfurkä]
Noun
furca f (genitive furcae); first declension
- A two-pronged fork, pitchfork.
- A fork-shaped prop, pole or stake.
- An instrument of punishment, a frame in the form of a fork, which was placed on a culprit's neck, while his hands were fastened to the two ends; yoke.
Declension
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | furca | furcae |
Genitive | furcae | furcārum |
Dative | furcae | furcīs |
Accusative | furcam | furcās |
Ablative | furcā | furcīs |
Vocative | furca | furcae |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- Aromanian: furcã
- Dalmatian: fuarca
- Friulian: forcje
- Italian: forca
- Old French: furche, forche
- Old Leonese:
- Asturian: forca
- Old Occitan:
- Old Galician-Portuguese:
- Romanian: furcă
- Old Spanish: forca
- Romansch: furtga, fuortga, fuorcha
- Sardinian: frúca, furca
- Sicilian: furca
- Venetian: forca
- → Albanian: furkë
- → Proto-Brythonic: *forx
- Welsh: fforch
- → Proto-West Germanic: *furkō (see there for further descendants)
- → Old Irish: forc
See also
References
- “furca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “furca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- furca in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- furca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “furca”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “furca”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish fourth-declension nouns
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- la:Tools