वृद्ध
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृद्ध (vṛddhá).
Pronunciation
Adjective
वृद्ध • (vŕddh) (indeclinable)
Noun
वृद्ध • (vŕddh) m (feminine वृद्धा)
Declension
Declension of वृद्ध (masc cons-stem)
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “वृद्ध”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৱৃদ্ধ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬺᬤ᭄ᬥ (Balinese script)
- বৃদ্ধ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰴𑰟𑰿𑰠 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀾𑀤𑁆𑀥 (Brahmi script)
- ဝၖဒ္ဓ (Burmese script)
- વૃદ્ધ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਰਦ੍ਧ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍃𑌦𑍍𑌧 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦽꦢ꧀ꦣ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑃂𑂠𑂹𑂡 (Kaithi script)
- ವೃದ್ಧ (Kannada script)
- វ្ឫទ្ធ (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣິທ຺ຘ (Lao script)
- വൃദ്ധ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᡳᡩᢡᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘵𑘟𑘿𑘠 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠢᢑᢑᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧖𑦿𑧠𑧀 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢 (Newa script)
- ଵୃଦ୍ଧ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢺꢣ꣄ꢤ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆸𑆢𑇀𑆣 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖴𑖟𑖿𑖠 (Siddham script)
- වෘද්ධ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩙𑩭 𑪙𑩮 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚛𑚶𑚜 (Takri script)
- வ்ரித்³த⁴ (Tamil script)
- వృద్ధ (Telugu script)
- วฺฤทฺธ (Thai script)
- ཝྲྀ་དྡྷ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒵𑒠𑓂𑒡 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨛𑩇𑨜 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥dᶻdʰás (“grown, mature, big”), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰ-tó-s, from *werdʰ- (“to grow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬛𐬀 (vərəzda, “mature, big”). Synchronically analysable as वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”, root) + -त (-ta).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ʋr̩d.dʱɐ́/, [ʋr̩d̚.dʱɐ́]
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ˈʋr̩d̪.d̪ʱɐ/, [ˈʋr̩d̪̚.d̪ʱɐ]
Adjective
वृद्ध • (vṛddhá) stem
- grown, become larger or stronger; increased, augmented, great, large
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.44.3:
- येन वृद्धो न शवसा तुरो न स्वाभिरूतिभिः ।
सोमः सुतः स इन्द्र तेऽस्ति स्वधापते मदः ॥- yena vṛddho na śavasā turo na svābhirūtibhiḥ.
somaḥ sutaḥ sa indra teʼsti svadhāpate madaḥ. - Wherewith thou art increased in strength, and conquerest with thy proper aids,
That Soma is pressed: thy gladdening draught,O Indra! Lord of the libation!
- yena vṛddho na śavasā turo na svābhirūtibhiḥ.
- येन वृद्धो न शवसा तुरो न स्वाभिरूतिभिः ।
- grown up, fully grown, adult
- aged, old, senior
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of वृद्ध (vṛddhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृद्धः vṛddháḥ |
वृद्धौ / वृद्धा¹ vṛddhaú / vṛddhā́¹ |
वृद्धाः / वृद्धासः¹ vṛddhā́ḥ / vṛddhā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | वृद्ध vṛ́ddha |
वृद्धौ / वृद्धा¹ vṛ́ddhau / vṛ́ddhā¹ |
वृद्धाः / वृद्धासः¹ vṛ́ddhāḥ / vṛ́ddhāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | वृद्धम् vṛddhám |
वृद्धौ / वृद्धा¹ vṛddhaú / vṛddhā́¹ |
वृद्धान् vṛddhā́n |
Instrumental | वृद्धेन vṛddhéna |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धैः / वृद्धेभिः¹ vṛddhaíḥ / vṛddhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | वृद्धाय vṛddhā́ya |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धेभ्यः vṛddhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृद्धात् vṛddhā́t |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धेभ्यः vṛddhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृद्धस्य vṛddhásya |
वृद्धयोः vṛddháyoḥ |
वृद्धानाम् vṛddhā́nām |
Locative | वृद्धे vṛddhé |
वृद्धयोः vṛddháyoḥ |
वृद्धेषु vṛddhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of वृद्धा (vṛddhā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृद्धा vṛddhā́ |
वृद्धे vṛddhé |
वृद्धाः vṛddhā́ḥ |
Vocative | वृद्धे vṛ́ddhe |
वृद्धे vṛ́ddhe |
वृद्धाः vṛ́ddhāḥ |
Accusative | वृद्धाम् vṛddhā́m |
वृद्धे vṛddhé |
वृद्धाः vṛddhā́ḥ |
Instrumental | वृद्धया / वृद्धा¹ vṛddháyā / vṛddhā́¹ |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धाभिः vṛddhā́bhiḥ |
Dative | वृद्धायै vṛddhā́yai |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धाभ्यः vṛddhā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृद्धायाः / वृद्धायै² vṛddhā́yāḥ / vṛddhā́yai² |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धाभ्यः vṛddhā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृद्धायाः / वृद्धायै² vṛddhā́yāḥ / vṛddhā́yai² |
वृद्धयोः vṛddháyoḥ |
वृद्धानाम् vṛddhā́nām |
Locative | वृद्धायाम् vṛddhā́yām |
वृद्धयोः vṛddháyoḥ |
वृद्धासु vṛddhā́su |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of वृद्ध (vṛddhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृद्धम् vṛddhám |
वृद्धे vṛddhé |
वृद्धानि / वृद्धा¹ vṛddhā́ni / vṛddhā́¹ |
Vocative | वृद्ध vṛ́ddha |
वृद्धे vṛ́ddhe |
वृद्धानि / वृद्धा¹ vṛ́ddhāni / vṛ́ddhā¹ |
Accusative | वृद्धम् vṛddhám |
वृद्धे vṛddhé |
वृद्धानि / वृद्धा¹ vṛddhā́ni / vṛddhā́¹ |
Instrumental | वृद्धेन vṛddhéna |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धैः / वृद्धेभिः¹ vṛddhaíḥ / vṛddhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | वृद्धाय vṛddhā́ya |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धेभ्यः vṛddhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृद्धात् vṛddhā́t |
वृद्धाभ्याम् vṛddhā́bhyām |
वृद्धेभ्यः vṛddhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृद्धस्य vṛddhásya |
वृद्धयोः vṛddháyoḥ |
वृद्धानाम् vṛddhā́nām |
Locative | वृद्धे vṛddhé |
वृद्धयोः vṛddháyoḥ |
वृद्धेषु vṛddhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀥 (vudha) (see there for further descendants)
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀠 (vuḍha), *𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (*buḍḍha) (see there for further descendants)
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨬𐨢𐨿𐨪 (vadhra)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 376: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "inc-mgd" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 376: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "pmh" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 376: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "inc-psc" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 376: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "psu" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.,
- Dardic:
- Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (buḍa, “grandfather”), [script needed] (buḍi, “grandmother”)
- Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (buḍa, “old man”), [script needed] (buḍī, “old woman”)
- Kashmiri: بُڈٕ (buḍụ)
- Phalura: بُوڈوُ (buuḍóo)
- Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (buḍai), [script needed] (buṛālék, “old woman”)
- Shumashti: [script needed] (buṛāla)
- Torwali: [script needed] (batkumā, “maid”)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 376: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "elu-prk" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.
- Sinhalese: විදු (widu, “old man”)
- Pali: vaddha, vuddha, vuḍḍha
- Romani: viddi (“old woman”)
Borrowed terms
- → Balinese: ᬯᬺᬤ
- → Hindi: वृद्ध (vŕddh)
- → Kannada: ವೃದ್ಧ (vṛddha)
- → Malay: berida
- Indonesian: berida
- → Malayalam: വൃദ്ധൻ (vr̥ddhaṉ)
- → Old Javanese:
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vr̥ddhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*buḍḍha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi nouns with other-gender equivalents
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms suffixed with -त
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations