лук

See also: люк and -лук

Belarusian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ. Cognate with Polish łęk, Old Church Slavonic лѫкъ (lǫkŭ), etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫuk]

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́кі, genitive plural лу́каў)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)

Declension

Declension of лук (inan velar masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	лук luk	лу́кі lúki
genitive	лу́ка lúka	лу́каў lúkaŭ
dative	лу́ку lúku	лу́кам lúkam
accusative	лук luk	лу́кі lúki
instrumental	лу́кам lúkam	лу́камі lúkami
locative	лу́ку lúku	лу́ках lúkax
count form	—	лу́кі1 lúki1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

See also

• страла́ (stralá)

References

• “лук” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

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Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lukъ, from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫuk]

Noun

лук • (luk) m

1. (collective, uncountable) onions

   глава́ лук ― glavá luk ― an onion

Declension

Declension of лук

	singular
indefinite	лук luk
definite (subject form)	лу́кът lúkǎt
definite (object form)	лу́ка lúka

Derived terms

• чесно́в лук (česnóv luk, “garlic”)

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Komi-Zyrian

Лук.

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian лук (luk).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈluk/, [ˈɫuk]
• Hyphenation: лук

Noun

лук • (luk)

1. onion

References

• Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 31
• L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 361

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Macedonian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lukъ, from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫuk]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

лук • (luk) m (diminutive лукче)

1. garlic

Declension

Declension of лук

	singular
indefinite	лук
definite unspecified	лукот
definite proximal	луков
definite distal	лукон
vocative	луку

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Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫuk]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: луг (lug)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lukъ, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *laukaz (compare German Lauch, English leek, Old Norse laukr whence Danish løg and Swedish lök). Cognates include Polabian lāuk, Bulgarian лук (luk) and Slovene and Serbo-Croatian luk.

Alternative forms

• лукъ (luk) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ков, relational adjective лу́ковый)

1. (usually uncountable, collectively) onion, onions

   зелёный лук ― zeljónyj luk ― scallion

   лук-поре́й ― luk-poréj ― leek

Declension

Declension of лук (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	лу́к lúk	лу́ки lúki
genitive	лу́ка lúka	лу́ков lúkov
dative	лу́ку lúku	лу́кам lúkam
accusative	лу́к lúk	лу́ки lúki
instrumental	лу́ком lúkom	лу́ками lúkami
prepositional	лу́ке lúke	лу́ках lúkax

Derived terms

• го́ре лу́ковое (góre lúkovoje)
• лук-бату́н (luk-batún)
• лук-поре́й (luk-poréj)
• лук-ре́занец (luk-rézanec)
• лук-тата́рка (luk-tatárka)
• лук-чесно́к (luk-česnók)
• лу́ковица (lúkovica)

 

Descendants

• → Komi-Zyrian: лук (luk)
• → Skolt Sami: luukk
• → Southern Sami: lööke
• → Yakut: луук (luuk)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ. Cognate with Lithuanian lankas.

Alternative forms

• лукъ (luk) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ков)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)

Declension

Declension of лук (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	лу́к lúk	лу́ки lúki
genitive	лу́ка lúka	лу́ков lúkov
dative	лу́ку lúku	лу́кам lúkam
accusative	лу́к lúk	лу́ки lúki
instrumental	лу́ком lúkom	лу́ками lúkami
prepositional	лу́ке lúke	лу́ках lúkax

Related terms

• лу́чник (lúčnik)

See also

• стрела́ f (strelá), арбале́т m (arbalét)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English look.

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ков)

1. (colloquial) appearance, clothing style, look

Declension

Declension of лук (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	лу́к lúk	лу́ки lúki
genitive	лу́ка lúka	лу́ков lúkov
dative	лу́ку lúku	лу́кам lúkam
accusative	лу́к lúk	лу́ки lúki
instrumental	лу́ком lúkom	лу́ками lúkami
prepositional	лу́ке lúke	лу́ках lúkax

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

• лукъ (luk) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Noun

(deprecated template usage) лук • (luk) f inan pl

1. genitive plural of лука́ (luká)

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *lukъ, from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.

Noun

лу̏к m (Latin spelling lȕk)

1. onion
2. (regional) garlic
3. any Allium species

Declension

Declension of лук

	singular	plural
nominative	лук	лукови
genitive	лука	лукова
dative	луку	луковима
accusative	лук	лукове
vocative	луче	лукови
locative	луку	луковима
instrumental	луком	луковима

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lankás. Cognate with Lithuanian lankas.

Noun

лу̑к m (Latin spelling lȗk)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)
2. arch

Declension

Declension of лук

	singular	plural
nominative	лу̑к	лу́кови
genitive	лука	лу́ко̄ва̄
dative	луку	луковима
accusative	лук	лукове
vocative	луче	лукови
locative	луку	луковима
instrumental	луком	луковима

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Ukrainian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫuk]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

лук • (luk) m inan (genitive лу́ка, nominative plural лу́ки, genitive plural лу́ків)

1. bow (weapon used for shooting arrows)

Declension

Declension of лук (inan velar masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	лук luk	лу́ки lúky
genitive	лу́ка lúka	лу́ків lúkiv
dative	лу́кові, лу́ку lúkovi, lúku	лу́кам lúkam
accusative	лук luk	лу́ки lúky
instrumental	лу́ком lúkom	лу́ками lúkamy
locative	лу́ку lúku	лу́ках lúkax
vocative	лу́ку lúku	лу́ки lúky

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “лук”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “лук”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)