نذر

See also: ندر

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ن ذ ر (n-ḏ-r). Akin to Aramaic נִדְרָא (niḏrā), Classical Syriac ܢܕܪܐ (neḏrā), Hebrew נֶדֶר (néḏer), Punic 𐤍𐤃𐤓 (ndr) and Ugaritic 𐎐𐎄𐎗 (ndr). It is argued that the sense vow is influenced from Jewish and Christian usage in Aramaic and Hebrew, the sense of “warning” as in أَنْذَرَ (ʔanḏara) and its verbal noun نُذُر (nuḏur) being more particular to Arabic, so the original meaning of the base stem needs to have been “to take heed”.

Verb

1. to vow, to pledge
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 19:26:

     إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ صَوْمًا فَلَنْ أُكَلِّمَ الْيَوْمَ إِنسِيًّا

     Lo! I have vowed a fast unto the Beneficent, and may not speak today to any mortal.

   1. to devote one's son to the service of God
      1. to place in front of a combat

Verb

1. to see the danger, to see through the intentions of an enemy and be on one's guard

Verb

نَذَّرَ • (naḏḏara) II (non-past يُنَذِّرُ (yunaḏḏiru), verbal noun تَنْذِير (tanḏīr))

1. to make a vow to, profess before, profess a belief

Noun

نَذْر • (naḏr) m (plural نُذُور (nuḏūr) or نُذُر (nuḏur))

1. verbal noun of نَذَرَ (naḏara, “to vow, to warn”) (form I)
   1. vow
      1. anything consecrated to God
         1. pious gift
            1. present to superiors
            2. mulct for wounds

Declension

Declension of noun نَذْر (naḏr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَذْر naḏr	النَّذْر an-naḏr	نَذْر naḏr
Nominative	نَذْرٌ naḏrun	النَّذْرُ an-naḏru	نَذْرُ naḏru
Accusative	نَذْرًا naḏran	النَّذْرَ an-naḏra	نَذْرَ naḏra
Genitive	نَذْرٍ naḏrin	النَّذْرِ an-naḏri	نَذْرِ naḏri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَذْرَيْن naḏrayn	النَّذْرَيْن an-naḏrayn	نَذْرَيْ naḏray
Nominative	نَذْرَانِ naḏrāni	النَّذْرَانِ an-naḏrāni	نَذْرَا naḏrā
Accusative	نَذْرَيْنِ naḏrayni	النَّذْرَيْنِ an-naḏrayni	نَذْرَيْ naḏray
Genitive	نَذْرَيْنِ naḏrayni	النَّذْرَيْنِ an-naḏrayni	نَذْرَيْ naḏray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُذُور‎; نُذُر nuḏūr‎; nuḏur	النُّذُور‎; النُّذُر an-nuḏūr‎; an-nuḏur	نُذُور‎; نُذُر nuḏūr‎; nuḏur
Nominative	نُذُورٌ‎; نُذُرٌ nuḏūrun‎; nuḏurun	النُّذُورُ‎; النُّذُرُ an-nuḏūru‎; an-nuḏuru	نُذُورُ‎; نُذُرُ nuḏūru‎; nuḏuru
Accusative	نُذُورًا‎; نُذُرًا nuḏūran‎; nuḏuran	النُّذُورَ‎; النُّذُرَ an-nuḏūra‎; an-nuḏura	نُذُورَ‎; نُذُرَ nuḏūra‎; nuḏura
Genitive	نُذُورٍ‎; نُذُرٍ nuḏūrin‎; nuḏurin	النُّذُورِ‎; النُّذُرِ an-nuḏūri‎; an-nuḏuri	نُذُورِ‎; نُذُرِ nuḏūri‎; nuḏuri

Descendants

• → Persian: نذر (nazr)
• → Swahili: nadhiri
• → Ottoman Turkish: نذر (nezr, nezir)
  • Turkish: nezir

Noun

نُذْر or نُذُر or نَذْر • (nuḏr or nuḏur or naḏr) m

1. warning, admonition, threat, irregular verbal noun of أَنْذَرَ (ʔanḏara) (form IV)
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 54:41-42:

     وَلَقَدْ جَاءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا

     walaqad jāʔa ʔāla firʕawna n-nuḏuru kaḏḏabū biʔāyātinā

     And warning came to the house of the Pharaoh that they reproved.

Declension

Declension of noun نُذْر (nuḏr)‎; نُذُر (nuḏur)‎; نَذْر (naḏr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُذْر‎; نُذُر‎; نَذْر nuḏr‎; nuḏur‎; naḏr	النُّذْر‎; النُّذُر‎; النَّذْر an-nuḏr‎; an-nuḏur‎; an-naḏr	نُذْر‎; نُذُر‎; نَذْر nuḏr‎; nuḏur‎; naḏr
Nominative	نُذْرٌ‎; نُذُرٌ‎; نَذْرٌ nuḏrun‎; nuḏurun‎; naḏrun	النُّذْرُ‎; النُّذُرُ‎; النَّذْرُ an-nuḏru‎; an-nuḏuru‎; an-naḏru	نُذْرُ‎; نُذُرُ‎; نَذْرُ nuḏru‎; nuḏuru‎; naḏru
Accusative	نُذْرًا‎; نُذُرًا‎; نَذْرًا nuḏran‎; nuḏuran‎; naḏran	النُّذْرَ‎; النُّذُرَ‎; النَّذْرَ an-nuḏra‎; an-nuḏura‎; an-naḏra	نُذْرَ‎; نُذُرَ‎; نَذْرَ nuḏra‎; nuḏura‎; naḏra
Genitive	نُذْرٍ‎; نُذُرٍ‎; نَذْرٍ nuḏrin‎; nuḏurin‎; naḏrin	النُّذْرِ‎; النُّذُرِ‎; النَّذْرِ an-nuḏri‎; an-nuḏuri‎; an-naḏri	نُذْرِ‎; نُذُرِ‎; نَذْرِ nuḏri‎; nuḏuri‎; naḏri

Noun

نُذُر • (nuḏur) pl

1. plural of نَذْر (naḏr)
2. plural of نَذِير (naḏīr)

Noun

نَذَر • (naḏar) m

1. verbal noun of نَذِرَ (naḏira) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun نَذَر (naḏar)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَذَر naḏar	النَّذَر an-naḏar	نَذَر naḏar
Nominative	نَذَرٌ naḏarun	النَّذَرُ an-naḏaru	نَذَرُ naḏaru
Accusative	نَذَرًا naḏaran	النَّذَرَ an-naḏara	نَذَرَ naḏara
Genitive	نَذَرٍ naḏarin	النَّذَرِ an-naḏari	نَذَرِ naḏari

References

• Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[1] (in German), volume 84, page 34
• Freytag, Georg (1837) “نذر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 262–263
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 278
• Schwally, Friedrich (1898) “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[3] (in German), volume 52, pages 137–138
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “نذر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[4], London: W.H. Allen, pages 1111–1112

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active indicative of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)
2. first-person plural non-past active jussive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active jussive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active indicative of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)
2. first-person plural non-past active jussive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active jussive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past passive indicative of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)
2. first-person plural non-past passive jussive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past passive jussive of ذَرَّ (ḏarra)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active jussive of ذَرَا (ḏarā)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past passive jussive of ذَرَا (ḏarā)
2. first-person plural non-past passive jussive of ذَرَى (ḏarā)

Verb

1. first-person plural non-past active jussive of ذَرَى (ḏarā)

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Persian

Etymology

From Arabic نَذْر (naḏr).

Noun

نذر • (nazr)

1. oblation