-itia

Latin

Alternative forms

• -itiēs

Etymology

An extended form of -ia.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ti.a/, [ˈɪt̪iä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈit.t͡si.a/, [ˈit̪ː͡s̪iä]

Suffix

-itia f (genitive -itiae); first declension

1. -ness, -ity; Used to form nouns describing the condition of being something.

Usage notes

The suffix -itia is added to an adjective (or rarely a noun) to form an abstract first declension noun describing the condition of being something.

Examples:

‎dūrus (“hard”) + ‎-itia → ‎dūritia (“hardness”)

‎laetus (“happy”) + ‎-itia → ‎laetitia (“happiness”)

‎trīstis (“sad”) + ‎-itia → ‎trīstitia (“sadness”)

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	-itia	-itiae
Genitive	-itiae	-itiārum
Dative	-itiae	-itiīs
Accusative	-itiam	-itiās
Ablative	-itiā	-itiīs
Vocative	-itia	-itiae

Synonyms

• (-ness, -ity): -ia, -itās

Derived terms

• -itiēs

Latin terms suffixed with -itia

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: -eatsã
  • Romanian: -eață
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: -ezza
  • Sicilian: -izza
• North Italian:
  • Ladin: -eza, -ëza
  • Friulian: -ece
  • Venetan: -esa, -eça
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: -ece
    • French: -esse
      • → English: -ess
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: -esa
  • Gascon: -esa
  • Old Occitan: -eza, -esa
    • Occitan: -esa
    • → Portuguese: -eza
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: -eza
  • Portuguese: -iça (possibly influenced by -iço, -iça)
  • Spanish: -eza
    • → Portuguese: -eza
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: -itta
• Borrowings:
  • → Asturian: -icia
  • → Catalan: -ícia
  • → French: -ise (indirectly; see there for more)
  • → Friulian: -izie
  • → Galician: -icia
  • → Italian: -izia
  • → Ladin: -izia
  • → Occitan: -ícia
  • → Portuguese: -ícia
  • → Sicilian: -izzia
  • → Spanish: -icia
  • → Venetan: -isia, -içia

References

• Malkiel, Yakov. 1983. Alternatives to the classic dichotomy family tree/wave theory? The Romance evidence. In Rauch, Irmengard & Carr, Gerald F. (eds.), Language Change, 192–256. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. §4.