Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/svoboda
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
Etymology
PIE word |
---|
*swé |
From *svobъ (“self-dependent”) + *-oda, from Proto-Indo-European *swo-bʰo-/*swe-bʰo-. Same extension in Latvian atsvabināt (“to free”), Old Prussian subs, Proto-Germanic *swēbaz m, *sibjō f, Latin Sabīnī, Sabellī, Samnium, Sanskrit सभा f (sabhā).
Noun
*svoboda f
Inflection
Declension of *svoboda (hard a-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *svoboda | *svobodě | *svobody |
genitive | *svobody | *svobodu | *svobodъ |
dative | *svobodě | *svobodama | *svobodamъ |
accusative | *svobodǫ | *svobodě | *svobody |
instrumental | *svobodojǫ, *svobodǫ** | *svobodama | *svobodami |
locative | *svobodě | *svobodu | *svobodasъ, *svobodaxъ* |
vocative | *svobodo | *svobodě | *svobody |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
Related terms
- *svojь, *sebě, *sobojǫ
- *sobь, *soba, *sobьstvo, *sobiti, *osobiti
- *svěně
- *svьstь/*svěstь, *svatъ, *posětiti
Descendants
Some forms feature dissimilation u̯…b > l…b.
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Other:
- → Hungarian: szabad (“freedom”)
See also
References
- The template Template:R:ru:Chernykh does not use the parameter(s):
page=148
vol=2 Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “свобода”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “свобода”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “слобода”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Oleg Trubačóv (1959), История славянских терминов родства, page 170f
- August Ahlqvist (1894) August Ahlqvist's Wogulische sprachtexte nebst Entwurf einer wogulischen grammatik aus dem nachlasse des verfassers hrsg, page 36
- Vladimir Žuravljóv (1982) Внешние и внутренние факторы языковой эволюции, page 167, page 166
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “sebjō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 429